The methodology of this study is an intra-individual comparison. Each study participant is treated with three skin preparation techniques (pricking, tape stripping, microneedle array)on both volar forearms.

Birch Pollen Allergy

For the pricking skin preparation, sterile prick lancets for 1mm point skin testing will be used. They are used for allergy diagnostics in daily routine.

prick lancet

For the tape stripping in the skin preparation test conventional self adhesive tape by Tesafilm® is used.

Tape stripping

To induce a large number of microchannels with a maximal depth of 150µm into the cornea layer a small patch of 351 tiny needles is used, which is on the market in the US and is intended for preparing the skin for transdermal application of topical dermatology products.

Microneedle

University Hospital Zurich, Division of Dermatology

Physiological Study to Determine the Allergic Skin Activity After Different Skin Preparation

Comparison of the Influence of Different Skin Conditions on the Allergic Skin Reactivity to Epicutaneous Allergen Exposure

Evaluation of late phase reaction (eczema development).

University of Zurich

Group 1: Birch pollen-related atopic dermatitis (AD) (n=15) Group 2: Birch pollen allergic patients without AD (n=5) Group 3: Allergic individuals without birch pollen allergy (n=5) Group 4: Non-allergic individuals (n=5)
Patients will be tested by SPT and APT:
SPT: Histamine, buffer, commercial birch pollen extract, rBet v 1, rBet v 1 fragment 1, rBet v 1 fragment 2, and equimolar rBet v 1 fragment mix (20 and 40 μg/ml) in duplets.
APT: birch pollen extract, rBet v 1, rBet v 1 fragment 1, rBet v 1 fragment 2, equimolar mix of rBet v 1 fragments (160 μg/application); negative control with vaseline

Atopic Dermatitis

All patients will be tested by skin prick testing (SPT: Histamine, buffer, commercial birch pollen extract, rBet v 1 (20 and 40 μg/ml), rBet v 1 fragment 1 (20 and 40 μg/ml), rBet v 1 fragment 2 (20 and 40 μg/ml), equimolar rBet v 1 fragment mix (20 and 40 μg/ml) in duplets.
Atopy patch testing (APT: birch pollen extract, rBet v 1:160 μg/application, rBet v 1 fragment 1: 160 μg/application, rBet v 1 fragment 2: 160 μg/ml, equimolar mix of rBet v 1 fragments: 160 μg/application; negative control with vaseline alone.

SPT and APT

Medical University of Vienna

Skin Testing With Recombinant Bet v 1 and Hypoallergenic Recombinant Bet v 1 Fragments

Skin Testing With Recombinant Bet v 1 and Hypoallergenic Recombinant Bet v 1 Fragments to Dissect the Contribution of IgE to Chronic Allergic Skin Inflammation

Birch pollen extract (BPE), as well as rBet v 1 (160mg), rBet v 1 fragment 1 (160mg), rBet v 1 fragment 2 (160mg), and an equimolar rBet v 1 fragment mix (80mg of each rBet v 1 fragment), were applied for 48h in patch test chambers onto nonlesional skin on the backs of the subjects. After 48h, patches were removed, and reactions were analyzed and photodocumented. Grading of positive APT reactions (i.e., reactions of more than 4 mm in diameter) was done according the European Task Force on Atopic Dermatitis by a blinded investigator: -, negative result; ?, only erythema, questionable; +, erythema, infiltration; ++, erythema, few papules (<3); +++, erythema, papules from 4 to less than many; ++++, erythema, many or spreading papules; or +++++, erythema, vesicles.

Stefan Woehrl

Mag. Dr. Stefan Wöhrl

Allergy

Skin prick test of extracts of allergens in 4 tenfold dilutions. Assessment wheal size after 15 minutes

Extracts of allergens

Zentrum für klinische Forschung Clinical Trials Center, University Hospital and University Zurich

Biological Standardization of Allergen Extracts of Pollens of Betula Pendula, Phleum Pratense and Mite Extract of Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus

Biological Standardization of Allergen Extracts of Pollens of Betula Pendula, Phleum Pratense and Mite Extract of Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus in Patients With Rhinoconjunctivitis With/ Without Asthma Sensitized to Betula Pendula, Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus and Phleum Pratense An Open-label, Single-center Study

The primary efficacy variable will be the wheal size area of the immediate phase reaction in mm2

Roxall Medicina España S.A

University Hospital, Zürich

Skin prick test of extracts of allergens in 4 tenfold dilutions.

Two Icleen IQAir air cleaners with active filters supplied

Two Icleen IQAir air cleaners with placebo filters supplied

Asthma

Two air cleaners are installed in the patient's room, one in his bedroom, and one in the living room. The cleaners can be run at 5 different speeds: Speed 1 filtrates 60m3 of air per hour, speed 2 filtrates 90 m3 per hour, speed 3 filtrates 130 m3 per hour, speed 4 filtrates 240 m3 per hour, and speed 5 filtrates 380 m3 per hour. A timer-on period can be pre-set for every day of the week, but the cleaner can be run even in the timer-off period, at a speed pre-set and different from the timer-on period. Different timer-on off periods cannot be selected for different days, but the different days of the week can be pre-set to apply timer-on periods or not.

betula occidentalis/hypersensitivity

Physiological Study to Determine the Allergic Skin Activity After Different Skin Preparation

Skin Testing With Recombinant Bet v 1 and Hypoallergenic Recombinant Bet v 1 Fragments

Biological Standardization of Allergen Extracts of Pollens of Betula Pendula, Phleum Pratense and Mite Extract of Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus

Air Cleaners for Children and Adolescents With Asthma and Dog Allergy

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