carbonate/arabidopsis

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Soil carbonate drives local adaptation in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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High soil carbonate limits crop performance especially in semiarid or arid climates. To understand how plants adapt to such soils, we explored natural variation in tolerance to soil carbonate in small local populations (demes) of Arabidopsis thaliana growing on soils differing in carbonate content.

Isolation of Arabidopsis Leaf Peroxisomes and the Peroxisomal Membrane.

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To date, less than 150 proteins have been located to plant peroxisomes, indicating that unbiased large-scale approaches such as experimental proteome research are required to uncover the remaining yet unknown metabolic functions of this organelle as well as its regulatory mechanisms and membrane

Molecular ordering of cellulose after extraction of polysaccharides from primary cell walls of Arabidopsis thaliana: a solid-state CP/MAS (13)C NMR study.

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Solid-state CP/MAS 13C NMR spectroscopy was used to determine the effects of three different sequential extraction procedures, used to remove non-cellulosic polysaccharides, on the molecular ordering of cellulose in a cell-wall preparation containing mostly primary cell walls obtained from the

Calcium phosphate in plant trichomes: the overlooked biomineral.

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UNASSIGNED Calcium phosphate was unknown as a plant biomineral until recently reported in Neotropical Loasaceae. Here, we demonstrate its widespread occurrence in the trichomes of several plant families, including Brassicaceae. Calcium phosphate is the primary biomineral in, e.g., the bones and

Thiol Redox Regulation of Plant β-Carbonic Anhydrase

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β-carbonic anhydrases (βCA) accelerate the equilibrium formation between CO₂ and carbonate. Two plant βCA isoforms are targeted to the chloroplast and represent abundant proteins in the range of >1% of chloroplast protein. While their function in gas exchange and photosynthesis is

Phenylalanine ammonia lyase from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtPAL2): A potent MIO-enzyme for the synthesis of non-canonical aromatic alpha-amino acids: Part I: Comparative characterization to the enzymes from Petroselinum crispum (PcPAL1) and Rhodosporidium toruloides (RtPAL).

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Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtPAL2) was comparatively characterized to the well-studied enzyme from parsley (PcPAL1) and Rhodosporidium toruloides (RtPAL) with respect to kinetic parameters for the deamination and the amination reaction, pH- and temperature optima

Multidimensional solid-state NMR studies of the structure and dynamics of pectic polysaccharides in uniformly 13C-labeled Arabidopsis primary cell walls.

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Plant cell wall (CW) polysaccharides are responsible for the mechanical strength and growth of plant cells; however, the high-resolution structure and dynamics of the CW polysaccharides are still poorly understood because of the insoluble nature of these molecules. Here, we use 2D and 3D

Genome-wide analysis of Homo sapiens, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals novel attributes of tail-anchored membrane proteins.

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Tail-anchored membrane proteins (TAMPs) differ from other integral membrane proteins, because they contain a single transmembrane domain at the extreme carboxyl-terminus and are therefore obliged to target to membranes post-translationally. Although 3-5% of all transmembrane proteins

Loss of Arabidopsis GAUT12/IRX8 causes anther indehiscence and leads to reduced G lignin associated with altered matrix polysaccharide deposition.

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GAlactUronosylTransferase12 (GAUT12)/IRregular Xylem8 (IRX8) is a putative glycosyltransferase involved in Arabidopsis secondary cell wall biosynthesis. Previous work showed that Arabidopsis irregular xylem8 (irx8) mutants have collapsed xylem due to a reduction in xylan and a lesser reduction in a

Microtubules are essential for guard-cell function in Vicia and Arabidopsis.

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Radially arranged cortical microtubules are a prominent feature of guard cells. Guard cells expressing GFP-tubulin showed consistent changes in the appearance of microtubules when stomata opened or closed. Guard cells showed fewer microtubule structures as stomata closed, whether induced by transfer

Intracellular imaging of cesium distribution in Arabidopsis using Cesium Green.

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The accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, which was one of the most serious adverse effects of the Great East Japan Earthquake, was accompanied by the release of a large quantity of radioactive materials including (137)Cs to the environment. In a previous report, we developed and

Large scale characterization of plant plasma membrane proteins.

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After a brief review of the strategies used to date to identify systematically plasma membrane (PM) proteins, emphasis was given to the proteomic approach of PM proteins from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Comparative analysis of two-dimensional gels from PM and cytosolic fractions was used

The role of the STAS domain in the function and biogenesis of a sulfate transporter as probed by random mutagenesis.

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Sulfate transporters in plants represent a family of proteins containing transmembrane domains that constitute the catalytic part of the protein and a short linking region that joins this catalytic moiety with a C-terminal STAS domain. The STAS domain resembles an anti-sigma factor antagonist of

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