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Antibodies against amino acids 1-15 of tumor necrosis factor block its binding to cell-surface receptor.

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Human tumor necrosis factor (hTNF) mediates a variety of biologic activities, which are dependent on the attachment of hTNF to cell-surface receptors. To identify regions of the hTNF protein involved in binding hTNF to its receptor, we prepared five synthetic peptides [hTNF-(1-15), hTNF-(1-31),

Novel muteins of human tumor necrosis factor alpha.

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For chemical synthesis of a gene coding for human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), DNA sequence predicted by the amino acid sequence of human TNF molecule was prepared. Codons were chosen according to the codon usage in Escherichia coli (E. coli). The 490 bp gene was assembled by enzymic

Production of tumour necrosis factor by cells exposed to sulphonamide reactive metabolites.

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Hypersensitivity reactions are the most common adverse events associated with therapy with the sulphonamide antibiotics. These reactions have been shown to occur among individuals with pharmacogenetically determined differences in the capacity of their cells to detoxify reactive products of

[Effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ-toll-like receptor 4-tumor necrosis factor-α targeted pathway on hyperglycemia induced myocardium inflammation and oxidative stress].

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OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential effects and mechanism on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ-toll-like receptor 4-tumor necrosis factor-α (PPARγ-TLR4-TNF-α) targeted pathway on hyperglycemia induced myocardium inflammation and oxidative stress. METHODS Thirty-two Japanese healthy

Tumor necrosis factor alpha modifies agonist-dependent responses in human neutrophils by inducing the synthesis and myristoylation of a specific protein kinase C substrate.

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Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induce the synthesis and cotranslational myristoylation of an 82-kDa specific protein kinase C substrate in human neutrophils. The myristic acid is covalently bound via a hydroxylamine-resistant amide linkage to the

Construction of a new tumour necrosis factor fusion-protein expression vector for high-level expression of heterologous genes in Escherichia coli.

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We report the construction and application of a new fusion-protein expression plasmid (TNFHis) for Escherichia coli. The plasmid contains both P(R) and P(L) promoters and is optimized to allow a higher level of expression of mature coding sequences. It also contains a six-histidine tag for

Structural beta-cell changes and transient hyperglycemia in mice treated with compounds inducing inhibited citric acid cycle enzyme activity.

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An initial transient hyperglycemia was seen in mice injected with asparagine, fluoroacetate, hydroxylamine, or malonate plus methionine, whereas an initial triphasic blood glucose response and a transient "secondary" hyperglycemia were exhibited in those injected with hydroxylamine plus arsenite,

Biochemical changes induced by two new prophylactic regimens for cyanide antagonism.

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Clinical efficacy of two pretreatment regimens, sodium nitrite (SN) + hydroxylamine (HA) and SN + 4-dimethylaminophenol (DMAP) were evaluated in rats by studying various biochemical variables at different time intervals. Animals given single subcutaneous (s.c.) co-administration of SN+HA or SN+DMAP

The mechanism of the inhibitory effect of polyamines on the induction of nitric oxide synthase: role of aldehyde metabolites.

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1. We have recently found that in the presence, but not in the absence, of foetal calf serum, spermine inhibits the production of nitric oxide (NO) in cultured J774.2 macrophages stimulated with bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) or with gamma-interferon (IFN), showing that polyamines may

Thermosensitive nanoparticles with pH-triggered degradation and release of anti-inflammatory cell-penetrating peptides.

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Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate) [poly(NIPAm-AMPS)] nanoparticles can be cross-linked with hydrolytically degradable N,O-dimethacryloyl hydroxylamine (DMHA) in order to yield a pH-sensitive drug delivery system that slowly erodes above pH 5.0. Varying the

Effects of nitric oxide on the eosinophil survival in vitro. A role for nitrosyl-heme.

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In a previous paper we showed that the nitric oxide (NO) donors azide and hydroxylamine inhibited eosinophil apoptosis. Azide and hydroxylamine generate a nitrosyl-heme complex - due to endogenous catalase activity - which activates soluble guanylate cyclase. In contrast, in the present paper, we

Nep1-like protein from Moniliophthora perniciosa induces a rapid proteome and metabolome reprogramming in cells of Nicotiana benthamiana.

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NEP1 (necrosis- and ethylene-inducing peptide 1)-like proteins (NLPs) have been identified in a variety of taxonomically unrelated plant pathogens and share a common characteristic of inducing responses of plant defense and cell death in dicotyledonous plants. Even though some aspects of NLP action

Covalent binding of the nitroso metabolite of sulfamethoxazole leads to toxicity and major histocompatibility complex-restricted antigen presentation.

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Treatment with sulfamethoxazole (SMX) can lead to hypersensitivity reactions. T cells from hypersensitive patients recognize either the parent drug and/or the reactive nitroso (SMX-NO) metabolite. In this study, using a novel in vitro rat splenocyte assay, we have investigated the toxicological and

Regulation of platelet-activating factor synthesis by acetyl-coenzyme A.

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Human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) synthesize and release platelet-activating factor (PAF) transiently. In the present investigation, we have examined the mechanism responsible for the down-regulation of PAF synthesis. The response of PMN is proportional to the

Mode of action of poly(vinylpyridine-N-oxide) in preventing silicosis: effective scavenging of carbonate anion radical.

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Small particles of crystalline silicon dioxide (crystallites) are exceptionally toxic. Inhalation of quartz crystallites causes silicosis, a devastating lung disease afflicting miners, particularly coal and stone workers. Poly(vinylpyridine-N-oxide)s (PVPNOs) have been applied in the prevention and

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