leishmaniasis/protease

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Relapsing visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-infected patients undergoing successful protease inhibitor therapy.

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The aim of this study was to establish the evolution of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in 10 consecutive patients coinfected with VL and HIV, taking into account the decline in the incidence of opportunistic infections after the introduction of protease inhibitor therapy. During a median follow-up of

Calcium-dependent proteolytic activity of a cysteine protease caldonopain is detected during Leishmania infection.

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A calcium-activated protease caldonopain in the cytosolic fraction of Leishmania donovani has been found to digest different endogenous proteins when subjected to SDS-PAGE. Gelatin-embedded gel electrophoresis confirms presence of calcium-dependent protease activity. Ca(2+) affects proteolytic

HIV-1 protease inhibitors for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-co-infected individuals.

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The global prevalence of HIV is a major challenge for control of visceral leishmaniasis, a disseminated protozoan infection. In some east African regions, up to 40% of patients with visceral leishmaniasis are co-infected with HIV. Management of visceral leishmaniasis in such patients is complicated

Evaluation of Cysteine Protease C of Leishmania donovani in comparison with Glycoprotein 63 and Elongation Factor-1α for diagnosis of human visceral leishmaniasis and for post-treatment follow-up response

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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a threat in many developing countries. Plenty of efforts have been put to eliminate this disease, for which serodiagnosis remains the mainstay for VL control programs. New and improved antigens as diagnostic candidates are required since available antigens fail to

HIV aspartyl protease inhibitors modify the percentage of activated leukocytes, as well as serum levels of IL-17A and NO during experimental leishmaniasis.

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HIV aspartyl protease inhibitors are able to modulate multiple defense mechanisms. However, their influence on the immune response against Leishmania has rarely been investigated. The aim of our study was to investigate whether in vivo treatment with HIV aspartyl protease inhibitors is able to

Leishmania donovani serine protease encapsulated in liposome elicits protective immunity in experimental visceral leishmaniasis.

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This study is aimed to evaluate the protective effect of L. donovani intracellular serine protease (SP-Ld) in combination with Freund's adjuvant and liposomal formulations against experimental visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The animals were immunized with SP-Ld in combination with adjuvant and

Serine protease inhibitors rich Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt leaf extract induces protective immune responses in murine visceral leishmaniasis.

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Leishmaniasis is a parasite-mediated tropical disease affecting millions of individuals worldwide. The available antileishmanial chemotherapeutic modalities exhibit adverse toxicity, exorbitant price and advent of drug-resistant parasites. Hence, plant-derived products are an alternative preference

Intracellular survival of Leishmania species that cause visceral leishmaniasis is significantly reduced by HIV-1 protease inhibitors.

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Visceral leishmaniasis is now recognized as an opportunistic disease in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Although the usefulness of HIV-1 protease inhibitors (PIs) in antiretroviral regimens is well documented, little is known about their potential impact in the

115 kDa serine protease confers sustained protection to visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani via IFN-γ induced down-regulation of TNF-α mediated MMP-9 activity.

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Visceral leishmaniasis caused by the intracellular parasite Leishmania donovani is a major public health problem in the developing world. The emergence of increasing number of L. donovani strains resistance to antimonial drugs recommended worldwide requires the intervention of effective vaccine

Curative efficacy of purified serine protease inhibitor PTF3 from potato tuber in experimental visceral leishmaniasis

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To overcome the drug toxicity and frequent resistance of parasites against the conventional drugs for the healing of human visceral leishmaniasis, innovative plant derived antileishmanial components are very imperative. Fuelled by the complications of clinically available antileishmanial drugs, a

Protease inhibitors in potential drug development for Leishmaniasis.

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Leishmaniasis is a deadly protozoan parasitic disease affecting millions of people worldwide. The treatment strategy of Leishmania infection depends exclusively on chemotherapy till date. But the treatment of the disease is greatly hampered due to high cost, toxicity of the available drugs and more

Enhancement of experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis by Leishmania molecules is dependent on interleukin-4, serine protease/esterase activity, and parasite and host genetic backgrounds.

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Most inbred strains of mice, like the BALB/c strain, are susceptible to Leishmania amazonensis infections and resistant to Leishmania braziliensis infections. This parasite-related difference could result from the activity of an L. amazonensis-specific virulence factor. In agreement with this

Immunomodulatory peptide from cystatin, a natural cysteine protease inhibitor, against leishmaniasis as a model macrophage disease.

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Cystatin, a natural cysteine protease inhibitor, has strong antileishmanial activity, which is due to its potential to induce nitric oxide (NO) generation from macrophages. Cysteine protease-inhibitory activity and NO-up-regulatory activity correspond to different regions, as revealed by the

Development and evaluation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid detection of Leishmania infantum in canine leishmaniasis based on cysteine protease B genes.

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We developed a Leishmania infantum specific LAMP assay that was carried out using a set of, six primers targeting the cysteine protease B multi copy gene of L. infantum. Our result shows that we, successfully detect the L. infantum DNA and that amplification is specific as no cross reaction was

Discovery of benzimidazole-based Leishmania mexicana cysteine protease CPB2.8ΔCTE inhibitors as potential therapeutics for leishmaniasis.

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Chemotherapy is currently the only effective approach to treat all forms of leishmaniasis. However, its effectiveness is severely limited due to high toxicity, long treatment length, drug resistance, or inadequate mode of administration. As a consequence, there is a need to identify new molecular

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