oligosaccharide/hypoxia

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Human Milk Oligosaccharides Activate Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Protect Against Hypoxia-Induced Injuries in the Mouse Intestinal Epithelium and Caco2 Cells.

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Hypoxia-induced intestinal barrier injuries lead to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Although NEC in preterm neonates is preventable by human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), the underlying mechanism remains unknown.To reveal the role and mechanism of HMOs in

Cognitive improving and cerebral protective effects of acylated oligosaccharides in Polygala tenuifolia.

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We studied the cognitive improving and cerebral protective constituents in the roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willdenow, a well-known Chinese traditional medicine prescribed for amnesia, neurasthenia, palpitation, noctural emission and insomnia. Tenuifoliside B (1), which is one of the acylated

Antifatigue and antihypoxia activities of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides from Codonopsis pilosula in mice

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Codonopsis pilosula is a traditional Chinese medicine and food supplement that is widely used in China. This study aimed to investigate the antifatigue and antihypoxia activities of different extracts and fractions from C. pilosula, including ethanol extract (ETH), water extract (WAT),

Prebiotic administration modulates gut microbiota and faecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations but does not prevent chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced apnoea and hypertension in adult rats

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Background: Evidence is accruing to suggest that microbiota-gut-brain signalling plays a regulatory role in cardiorespiratory physiology. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), modelling human sleep apnoea, affects gut microbiota composition

2'-Fucosyllactose Attenuates Particulate Matter-Induced Inflammation via Inhibition of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor in Keratinocytes.

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2'-Fucosyllactose (2FL) is the most abundant component of the oligosaccharide content in human milk. It has been reported that 2FL has the ability to protect against infectious disease caused by bacterial pathogens. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of 2FL on particulate matter

Neuroprotective effect of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin in hypoxia-ischemia.

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Neonatal cerebral ischemic injury is a common and debilitating pathology for which there is currently no known purely pharmacological treatments that are effective when delivered immediately after injury. Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides that can remove cholesterol from cell membranes and

Molecular structure of heparan sulfate from Spalax. Implications of heparanase and hypoxia.

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Spalax, a subterranean blind mole rat, is well adapted to live in an extreme hypoxic environment through up-regulated expression of growth factors and enzymes for ensuring sufficient oxygen supply. One of the overexpressed enzymes is heparanase, an endoglucuronidase that selectively cleaves heparan

Human Milk Oligosaccharides Protect against Necrotizing Enterocolitis by Inhibiting Intestinal Damage via Increasing the Proliferation of Crypt Cells.

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Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease that is highly lethal in premature infants. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) efficiently reduce the incidence of NEC. However, the protective mechanism of HMO treatment is unknown. It is hypothesized that HMOs protect against

The human milk oligosaccharide disialyllacto-N-tetraose prevents necrotising enterocolitis in neonatal rats.

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BACKGROUND Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common and fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants. Breast-fed infants are at lower risk for NEC than formula-fed infants, but the protective components in human milk have not been identified. In contrast to formula, human milk

Inulin with a low degree of polymerization protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury.

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Here, we identified inulin-type oligosaccharides with 3-13 degrees of polymerization from Morinda officinalis. Radical-scavenging assays showed that Inulins 4-7 had modest anti-oxidative effects. Inulins 4 and 5 dose-dependently increased human umbilical vein endothelial cell survival during

Erythropoietin: physiologic and pharmacologic aspects.

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The purpose of this review is to give an update of the recent progress in research on erythropoietin (Epo), the hormone that regulates red blood cell production. Epo is a glycoprotein with a molecular mass of approx 30 kDa, which circulates in plasma of the human with 165 amino acids with three

Human alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (alpha-NAGA) deficiency: new mutations and the paradox between genotype and phenotype.

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Up to now eight patients with alpha-NAGA deficiency have been described. This includes the newly identified patient reported here who died unexpectedly aged 1 1/2 years of hypoxia during convulsions; necropsy was not performed. Three patients have been genotyped previously and here we report the

Study to evaluate the encephalotropic potency of a hemodialysate. Controlled study using electro-retinography and visual evoked potentials under hypoxic conditions in human volunteers (preliminary communication).

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Twelve healthy young males volunteered in this pilot-study to test the encephalotropic potency of a deproteinized hemodialysate of calf blood (Actovegin). This compound contains peptides, oligosaccharides and nucleinic acid derivatives, which are supposed to improve transport of glucose and oxygen

The hepatic glycogenolysis induced by reversible ischaemia or KCN is exclusively catalysed by phosphorylase a.

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1. Ischaemia was applied for 30 min to the liver of Wistar rats and of gsd/gsd rats, which have a genetic deficiency of phosphorylase kinase. The rate of glycogenolysis corresponded closely to the concentration of phosphorylase a. The loss of glycogen from Wistar livers was accounted for by the

Phloem flow and sugar transport in Ricinus communis L. is inhibited under anoxic conditions of shoot or roots.

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Anoxic conditions should hamper the transport of sugar in the phloem, as this is an active process. The canopy is a carbohydrate source and the roots are carbohydrate sinks. By fumigating the shoot with N2 or flooding the rhizosphere, anoxic conditions in the source or sink, respectively, were

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