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[Caries-inducing activity of soybean-oligosaccharide (SOR) in vitro and in experimental dental caries of rats].

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The caries-inducing activity of soybean-oligosaccharide (SOR: stachyose- and raffinose-rich sugar mixture) was examined in in vitro and in vivo experiments. Streptococcus mutans MT 8148R fermented SOR and produced acids. However Streptococcus sobrinus 6715 did not ferment. SOR was not able to act as

A new way of producing isomalto-oligosaccharide syrup by using the transglycosylation reaction of neopullulanase.

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A new way of producing isomalto-oligosaccharide syrup from starch was developed. Isomalto-oligosaccharides contain one or more alpha-(1-->6)-glucosidic linkages with or without alpha-(1-->4)-glucosidic linkages. The isomalto-oligosaccharide syrups are receiving increased attention as food additives

Attenuation of glial scar formation in the injured rat brain by heparin oligosaccharides.

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Injury to the central nervous system causes glial reactions, which eventually lead to the formation of a glial scar and inhibit axonal regeneration. The present study aimed to reduce the extent of glial scar formation in injured cerebral cortex using heparin hexasaccharide (6-mer) and octasaccharide

Fluorometric 'switch-on' detection of heparin based on a system composed of rhodamine-labeled chitosan oligosaccharide lactate, and graphene oxide.

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A novel fluorescence 'Switch on' for the detection of heparin based on the RhB-COL/GO system was achieved. A strong fluorescence dye, Rhodamine B, was modified by chitosan oligosaccharide lactate (COL), which plays a major role in the formation of a positively charged RhB-COL complex. RhB-COL was

Core 2 oligosaccharides mediate eosinophil and neutrophil peritoneal but not lung recruitment.

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We have investigated the importance of cell-surface serine- and/or threonine-linked oligosaccharide adhesion molecules synthesized by the Golgi enzyme core 2 beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (C2GlcNAcT) in mediating eosinophil trafficking to the lung in studies utilizing

Modified oligosaccharides as potential dental plaque control materials.

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Metabolic acids produced by oral pathogens demineralize tooth surfaces, leading to dental caries. Glucosyltransferases are the key factor in this process. We synthesized various modified oligosaccharides and tested them for their inhibitory effects on glucosyltransferase activity. Oligosaccharides

Inhibition of plaque and caries formation by a glucan produced by Streptococcus mutans mutant UAB108.

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A mutant (UAB108) derived from Streptococcus mutans UAB66, a spectinomycin-resistant (Spcr) isolate of strain 6715, inhibited plaque formation when grown with strain 6715 in a sucrose medium and also inhibited caries formation in gnotobiotic rats infected with both strain UAB108 and 6715. A

Solvent Networks Tune Thermodynamics of Oligosaccharide Complex Formation in an Extended Protein Binding Site.

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The principles of protein-glycan binding are still not well understood on a molecular level. Attempts to link affinity and specificity of glycan recognition to structure suffer from the general lack of model systems for experimental studies and the difficulty to describe the influence of solvent. We

A novel caries risk test.

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A diagnostic test is particularly beneficial if it reveals the level of susceptibility prior to onset of a disease process. In the case of childhood caries, such a diagnostic test affords the opportunity for preventive measures to be implemented before caries begins. Salivary glycoproteins contain a

In vitro cariogenicity of trans-galactosyl-oligosaccharides.

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Trans-galactosyl-oligosaccharides (TOS) are a class of oligosaccharides produced by transgalactosylation of lactose. TOS are used as bifidogenic factors in human and animal nutrition. TOS can be present in the oral cavity and form a risk of caries. All oral bacteria tested were able to degrade and

Heparin oligosaccharides bind L- and P-selectin and inhibit acute inflammation.

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Initial attachment of leukocytes to the vessel wall at sites of inflammation is supported by a family of carbohydrate-binding adhesion molecules called the selectins. Selectin ligands include sialyl-Lewis x (sLex, Neu5Ac alpha 2-3Gal beta 1-4[Fuc alpha 1-3]GlcNAc--) and related structures. We report

Separate oligosaccharide determinants mediate interactions of the low-molecular-weight salivary mucin with neutrophils and bacteria.

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The low-molecular-weight human salivary mucin (MG2) coats oral surfaces, where it is in a prime location for governing cell adhesion. Since oligosaccharides form many of the interactive facets on mucin molecules, we examined MG2 glycosylation as it relates to the molecule's adhesive functions. Our

Wheat germ agglutinin-resistant variant of EL4 containing altered oligosaccharides as a target cell for cytotoxic T cells.

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A lectin-resistant variant of the murine EL4 lymphocytic leukemia cell line was selected in the presence of wheat germ agglutinin for low levels of cell-surface sialic acid. H-2Kb was the major internally radiolabeled H-2b molecule on the cell-surface of WD1, and it was not sialylated, as determined

13C-N.M.R. spectra of cyclomalto-oligosaccharides (cyclodextrins), their derivatives, and complexes with azo dyes.

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The nature of the inclusion complexes of several cyclomalto-oligosaccharides (cyclodextrins, CDs) with azo dyes has been studied on the basis of 13C-n.m.r. chemical shifts, relaxation times, correlation times, and broadening and doubling of the n.m.r. signals. All CDs show the azo dye-induced shifts

Structure of Outward-Facing PglK and Molecular Dynamics of Lipid-Linked Oligosaccharide Recognition and Translocation.

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PglK is a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni. Previously we have proposed a non-alternating-access LLO translocation mechanism, where postulated outward-facing states play a primary role. To investigate this

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