chitinase/dental caries

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Cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines and anti-inflammatory properties of chitinases from Calotropis procera latex.

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The role of chitinases from the latex of medicinal shrub Calotropis procera on viability of tumor cell lines and inflammation was investigated. Soluble latex proteins were fractionated in a CM Sepharose Fast-Flow Column and the major peak (LPp1) subjected to ion exchange chromatography using a

Chitinase in whole and glandular human salivas and in whole saliva of patients with periodontal inflammation.

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In recent studies the existence of a chitinase in various mammals, like man, was described. The aim of the present study was to find out whether salivas of periodontally healthy and inflamed humans also contain chitinase activity. Chitinase activity, assayed with the substrate

Molecular characterization and expression analysis of chitinase from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas.

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Chitinases are necessary enzymes supporting functions as a host defense factor against chitin-coated pathogens. They also function as a digestive enzyme for the hydrolysis of dietary chitin. We conducted characterization and assessed the tissue expression of the encoding gene of a chitinase (EC

Expression of Chia4-Pa chitinase genes during somatic and zygotic embryo development in Norway spruce (Picea abies): similarities and differences between gymnosperm and angiosperm class IV chitinases.

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The developmental pathway of somatic embryogenesis in Norway spruce involves proliferation of proembryogenic masses (PEMs), PEM-to-somatic embryo transition and further development of the somatic embryos. It has previously been shown that extracellular signal molecules, including arabinogalactan

Crystal structures of the catalytic domain of a novel glycohydrolase family 23 chitinase from Ralstonia sp. A-471 reveals a unique arrangement of the catalytic residues for inverting chitin hydrolysis.

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Chitinase C from Ralstonia sp. A-471 (Ra-ChiC) has a catalytic domain sequence similar to goose-type (G-type) lysozymes and, unlike other chitinases, belongs to glycohydrolase (GH) family 23. Using NMR spectroscopy, however, Ra-ChiC was found to interact only with the chitin dimer but not with the

The general secretory pathway of Burkholderia gladioli pv. agaricicola BG164R is necessary for cavity disease in white button mushrooms.

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Cavity disease in white button mushrooms is caused by Burkholderia gladioli pv. agaricicola. We describe the isolation and characterization of six mutants of the strain BG164R that no longer cause this disease on mushrooms. The mutations were mapped to genes of the general secretory pathway (GSP).

Structure and function of a novel periplasmic chitooligosaccharide-binding protein from marine Vibrio bacteria.

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Periplasmic solute-binding proteins in bacteria are involved in the active transport of nutrients into the cytoplasm. In marine bacteria of the genus Vibrio, a chitooligosaccharide-binding protein (CBP) is thought to be the major solute-binding protein controlling the rate of chitin uptake in these

Screening for presenilin inhibitors using the free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans.

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Caenorhabditis elegans contains 3 homologs of presenilin genes that are associated with Alzheimer s disease. Loss-of-function mutations in C. elegans genes cause a defect in egg laying. In humans, loss of presenilin-1 (PS1) function reduces amyloid-beta peptide processing from the amyloid protein

A Study of the Variation in the Salivary Peptide Profiles of Young Healthy Adults Acquired Using MALDI-TOF MS.

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A cross-sectional observational study was conducted to evaluate the inter-individual variation in the MALDI-TOF MS peptide profiles of unstimulated whole saliva in a population of 268 systemically healthy adults aged 18-30 yr (150 males and 118 females) with no apparent caries lesions or periodontal

Structural adequacy of the digestive tract supports dual feeding habit in catfish Pachypterus khavalchor (Siluriformes: Horabagridae).

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Lepidophagy is comparatively rare amongst teleost ﬁshes, yet our understanding of this specialization is lacking. Therefore we examined the digestive tract features of Pachypterus khavalchor using morphological, osteological, histological and histochemical techniques to comprehend and relate

Microbiome Shifts Associated With the Introduction of Wild Atlantic Horseshoe Crabs ( Limulus polyphemus) Into a Touch-Tank Exhibit

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The Atlantic horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) is a common marine aquarium species and model organism for research. There is potential monetary and conservation value in developing a stable captive population of horseshoe crabs, however, one major impediment to achieving captivity is a lack

The golden death bacillus Chryseobacterium nematophagum is a novel matrix digesting pathogen of nematodes.

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Nematodes represent important pathogens of humans and farmed animals and cause significant health and economic impacts. The control of nematodes is primarily carried out by applying a limited number of anthelmintic compounds, for which there is now widespread resistance being reported.

Chitin biosynthesis in Candida albicans grown in vitro and in vivo and its inhibition by nikkomycin Z.

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An N-acetyl-D-[14C]glucosamine radiolabel incorporation assay has been used to monitor chitin biosynthesis in whole cells of Candida albicans both in vitro and in vivo in two different mouse infection models, one using the peritoneal cavity as a chamber in which to add and retrieve cells and the

Survey of Brevibacillus laterosporus insecticidal protein genes and virulence factors.

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The pathogenic action of the bacterium Brevibacillus laterosporus against invertebrates involves a toxin-mediated mechanism. Several studies, conducted with specific strains against diverse targets, suggested the implication of different toxins. Recent genome sequencing and annotation of some

[Extracellular matrix as a microbial virulence factor in the development of human diseases].

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Extracellular polymers which build a biofilm matrix possess a complicated structure, where the polysaccharide fraction, composed of homo- or heteropolysaccharides, is the largest. Other important components are proteins, eDNA, glycoproteins and lipids. The matrix has a protective function against

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