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Antispasmodic drugs to reduce discomfort and colonic spasm during barium enemas: comparison of oral hyoscyamine, i.v. glucagon, and no drug.

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Prijava / prijava

OBJECTIVE Parenterally administered glucagon is currently the agent of choice for reducing abdominal discomfort and colonic spasm during a barium enema. Because glucagon is expensive and frequently causes nausea, we evaluated the use of oral hyoscyamine sulfate as an alternate agent and compared it

A prospective, double-blind trial of L-hyoscyamine versus glucagon for the inhibition of small intestinal motility during ERCP.

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Prijava / prijava

BACKGROUND Glucagon is often used to inhibit duodenal motility and enhance cannulation during ERCP. Levsin is an antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agent that may be as effective as glucagon. METHODS Three hundred eight patients requiring an antimotility agent during ERCP were randomized in a

LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury

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Prijava / prijava

Antiemetics are used for the symptomatic management of nausea and vomiting that can be caused by a variety of medical conditions and situations, including acute gastroenteritis, pregnancy, surgery, anesthesia, opioids and chemotherapy. Antiemetics are rare causes of liver injury, partially because

LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury

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Prijava / prijava

Hyoscyamine as a natural plant alkaloid derivative and anticholinergic that is used to treat mild to moderate nausea, motion sickness, hyperactive bladder and allergic rhinitis. Hyoscyamine has not been implicated in causing liver enzyme elevations or clinically apparent acute liver injury.

DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Atropine, Scopolamine, and Other Anticholinergic Deliriant Hallucinogens.

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Prijava / prijava

Anticholinergic drugs based on tropane alkaloids, including atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine, have been used for various medicinal and toxic purposes for millennia. These drugs are competitive antagonists of acetylcholine muscarinic (M-) receptors that potently modulate the central nervous

Black henbane and its toxicity - a descriptive review.

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Prijava / prijava

Black henbane (BH) or Hyoscyamus niger, has been used as a medicine since last centuries and has been described in all traditional medicines. It applies as a herbal medicine, but may induce intoxication accidentally or intentionally. All part of BH including leaves, seeds and roots contain some

Tropane Alkaloids: Chemistry, Pharmacology, Biosynthesis and Production.

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Prijava / prijava

Tropane alkaloids (TA) are valuable secondary plant metabolites which are mostly found in high concentrations in the Solanaceae and Erythroxylaceae families. The TAs, which are characterized by their unique bicyclic tropane ring system, can be divided into three major groups: hyoscyamine and

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in clinical use of scopolamine.

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Prijava / prijava

The alkaloid L-(-)-scopolamine [L-(-)-hyoscine] competitively inhibits muscarinic receptors for acetylcholine and acts as a nonselective muscarinic antagonist, producing both peripheral antimuscarinic properties and central sedative, antiemetic, and amnestic effects. The parasympatholytic

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