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Introduction High BMI and particularly fat mass index are associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease and other cardiovascular conditions, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Endothelial dysfunction precedes atherosclerosis and represents an important link between
Gout is the most prevalent inflammatory rheumatological disease among young men, affecting about 4% of the general population. Caused by the deposit of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals which form because of high urate concentrations in serum. Currently, there is no universal definition for
The "strong pulse disease" was treated by acupuncture, phlebotomy and leeches from 2600 to c. Modern history began when in 1628 William Harvey described the circulatory system and in 1733 stephen hales made the first blood pressure measurement. In 1896 was recognized as a clinical entity, thanks to
E-cigarette use is increasing rapidly in the United States, especially amongst youth, underscoring the vital need to improve understanding of its health risks. Relevant data could inform policy, guide public health and clinical intervention efforts, and inform individuals who might use or who are
According to the World Health Organization cigarette smoking is today one of the leading single causes of preventable death and morbidity. It is estimated that 7 million people worldwide lose their lives due to tobacco use yearly. On average, cigarette smokers are estimated to die 10 years earlier
Periodontal Disease (PD) is present in 60+% of adults >65 years and is associated with tobacco smoking, diabetes, and atherosclerosis that worsen inflammation, comorbidities common in older people with mild to moderate cognitive impairment (MCI). Older MCI patients are prone to poor oral hygiene and
Twenty-five sedentary class 2 and above obese [body mass index (BMI) >35 kg/m2, waist circumference >40 inches (men) or >35 inches (women)] men and women (18-45 yrs) will participate in these experiments. Individuals under 18 years of age will not be investigated due to the invasive nature of the
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is the primary non-communicable cause of global mortality killing more than 7 million people per year. Chronic inflammation plays a crucial role in the genesis of atherosclerosis which further leads to cardiovascular disease. Apical periodontitis is "an acute or chronic
Eligible subjects in this study will have either a known abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) or because they do not have an AAA (control group).
The aorta serves as the main artery to supply blood flow to the body. It is approximately the size of a garden hose. Due to the effects of high blood pressure
Hookah (water pipe) smoking is a new global epidemic. The World Health Organization wants to prohibit all claims that hookah is less harmful than cigarettes and wants hookah products to bear the same warning labels as cigarettes. But there is little scientific evidence to substantiate this proposal.