Healthy

Overweight and Obesity

Blood orange juice

Control drink

University of Leeds

The Impact of Citrus Products on Cardiovascular Health

Effects of Blood Orange Juice Consumption on Endothelial Function in Healthy Overweight/Obese Men and Premenopausal Women of European Origin

FMD will be evaluated prior to and following 2-week consumption of either blood orange juice or a control drink.

Blood pressure will be measured prior to and following 2-week consumption of either blood orange juice or a control drink.

Serum total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol will be measured prior to and following 2-week consumption of either blood orange juice or a control drink.

Serum hsCRP will be measured prior to and following 2-week consumption of either blood orange juice or a control drink.

Serum ET-1 will be measured prior to and following 2-week consumption of either blood orange juice or a control drink.

Serum oestradiol will be measured prior to and following 2-week consumption of either blood orange juice or a control drink.

Flavanone metabolites will be measured prior to and following 2-week consumption of either blood orange juice or a control drink.

Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) will be measured prior to and following 2-week consumption of either blood orange juice or a control drink.

Karen Birch

Eleven patients receive sildenafil 100mg/day (25 mg at 8 AM plus 25 mg at 4 PM plus 50 mg at 10 PM)for 7 days.

An identical placebo for 7 days in placebo group.

Obesity

sildenafil

placebo

Wuhan General Hospital

Sildenafil Activates Browning of White Adipose and Improves Insulin Sensitivity

Sildenafil Activates Browning of White Adipose and Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Human Adults

The browning of white adipose tissue was measured by Western blot (including the expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), PPARγcoactivator 1α (PGC-1α), uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1), the second messenger cyclic guanosine-3', 5'-monophosphate (cGMP),PR domain containing 16 zinc finger transcription factor (Prdm16) and deiodinase, iodothyronine, type II (DIO2)).

The insulin sensitivity will be tested by insulin clamp before and after each intervention,respectively.

The metabolic status including blood pressure, heart rate, thyroid functions, resting metabolic rate, respiratory quotient, blood cGMP, blood insulin and blood glucose will be measured before and after intervention in each group.

Xiang Guang-da

Director of Endocrinol Dept.

Life-style modification for 40 study subjects with metabolic syndrome in comparison to 25 non-obesity subjects for control.

guanosine/obesity

The Impact of Citrus Products on Cardiovascular Health

Sildenafil Activates Browning of White Adipose and Improves Insulin Sensitivity

Multi-faceted Evaluations Following Weight Reduction in Subjects With Metabolic Syndrome

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