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Cardiac damage in acute organophosphate poisoning in rats: effects of atropine and pralidoxime.

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Anticholinesterase poisoning is an important health problem in our country, and a complete understanding of its underlying mechanisms is essential for the emergency physician. Thus, we aimed to investigate the cardiac biochemical parameters and mortality in dichlorvos-induced poisoning in rats. Rats

Effect of atropine on the plasma cholecystokinin response to intraduodenal fat in man.

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The present study was undertaken to determine whether atropine inhibits the plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) response to intraduodenal fat. Plasma CCK concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay using two sequence-specific antibodies. Antibody 1703 bound to all COOH-terminal CCK peptides containing

The effect of atropine on plasma gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), serum insulin, and blood glucose after intraduodenal infusion of fat.

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Six healthy men were studied with a 10-min intraduodenal infusion of 100 ml corn oil (66 g triglycerides) on 2 separate days. On one of the days 0.5 mg atropine sulfate was also given intravenously before start of the fat infusion, followed by 0.75 mg atropine sulfate infused during the first hour.

Muscarinic receptors control postprandial release of glucagon-like peptide-1: in vivo and in vitro studies in rats.

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Plasma levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) rise rapidly after nutrient ingestion through an indirect mechanism triggered from the proximal intestine and involving the vagus nerve that stimulates the L cell in the distal gut. The role of muscarinic receptors in this pathway was thus

Protective effect of crocin on diazinon induced vascular toxicity in subchronic exposure in rat aorta ex-vivo.

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BACKGROUND Diazinon (DZN) is a widely used organophosphate insecticide. Although mechanism of DZN cardiovascular toxicity is primarily mediated through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, however, DZN causes remarkable atropine-insensitive hypotension in rats. It has been proved that oxidative

Phosphine intoxication following oral exposure of horses to aluminum phosphide-treated feed.

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METHODS 66 horses were potentially exposed to phosphine (a gas) 14 hours after being fed a pelleted ration treated with aluminum phosphide. RESULTS 28 horses had clinical signs of profuse sweating, tachycardia, tachypnea, pyrexia, ataxia, seizures, and widespread muscle tremors. Clinically relevant

Effects of pentoxifylline on pulmonary function and results of cytologic examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in horses with recurrent airway obstruction.

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OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of pentoxifylline (PTX) administration on lung function and results of cytologic examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in horses affected by recurrent airway obstruction (RAO). METHODS 10 RAO-affected horses. METHODS 6 horses were orally administered PTX (16

Visceral and behavioral responses to intraduodenal fat.

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Introduction of milk or corn oil into the duodenum of the cat evokes an increase in superior mesenteric blood flow (blocked by atropine), an inhibition of gastric and duodenal motility, and sedation. Cholecystokinin-pancreozymin mimics the mesenteric vascular effect of intraduodenal fat and seems to

Cardiac effects of magnesium sulfate pretreatment on acute dichlorvos-induced organophosphate poisoning: an experimental study in rats.

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Although atropine and oximes are traditionally used in the management of organophosphate poisoning, investigations have been directed to finding additional therapeutic approaches. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiac effects of magnesium sulfate pretreatment on dichlorvos

Clinical, biochemical, electrophysiologic, and histologic assessment of chlorpyrifos induced delayed neuropathy in the cat.

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The ability of a supralethal dose of chlorpyrifos to produce delayed neuropathy was examined using assessments of clinical signs, electromyography (EMG), motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV), lymphocyte neuropathy target esterase activity (LNTE), and histologic changes in nervous system tissues.

Effect of central and peripheral cholinergic antagonists on chlorpyrifos-induced changes in body temperature in the rat.

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Exposure to the organophosphate (OP)-based pesticide chlorpyrifos (CHP) in the rat results in an initial period of hypothermia lasting < 24 h, followed by a fever lasting 48-72 h. The purpose of this study was to determine how cholinergic pathways participate in the mediation of the thermoregulatory

Effect of PON1 on dichlorvos toxicokinetics.

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OBJECTIVE To provide toxicokinetic and clinical evidence of the hydrolytic effect of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) on acute organophosphate poisoning in rats. METHODS 40 male Wistar rats were randomised into four equal groups. Dichlorvos administration group (A group) underwent dichlorvos injection

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