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L-glutamine: a major substrate for tumor cells in vivo?

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From 65 human breast cancer xenografts investigated, a net glutamine uptake was found in 13 tumors (mean +/- SE: 15.7 +/- 4.5 nmol/g per min) whereas a net release (22.5 +/- 3.3 nmol/g per min) was observed in 40 tumors. In 12 tumors neither a significant net uptake nor a net release was obvious.

Automated synthesis of [11C]L-glutamine on Synthra HCN plus synthesis module.

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BACKGROUND

L-Glutamine (L-Gln) is the most abundant amino acid present in the human body and is involved in numerous metabolic pathways. Glutaminolysis is the metabolic process deployed by many aggressive cancers such as triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Imaging the metabolic

Regulation of glutamine carrier proteins by RNF5 determines breast cancer response to ER stress-inducing chemotherapies.

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Many tumor cells are fueled by altered metabolism and increased glutamine (Gln) dependence. We identify regulation of the L-glutamine carrier proteins SLC1A5 and SLC38A2 (SLC1A5/38A2) by the ubiquitin ligase RNF5. Paclitaxel-induced ER stress to breast cancer (BCa) cells promotes RNF5 association,

The efficacy of sodium azulene sulfonate L-glutamine for managing chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in cancer patients: a prospective comparative study.

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UNASSIGNED The efficacy of sodium azulene sulfonate L-glutamine (GA) in treating oral mucositis caused by the administration of anticancer agents has not been previously elucidated. Therefore, this prospective comparative study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of GA in treating oral mucositis

L-leucine transport in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231): kinetics, regulation by estrogen and molecular identity of the transporter.

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The transport of L-leucine by two human breast cancer cell lines has been examined. L-leucine uptake by MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells was via a BCH-sensitive, Na+ -independent pathway. L-leucine uptake by both cell lines was inhibited by L-alanine, D-leucine and to a lesser extent by L-lysine but not

L-glutamine Schiff base copper complex as a proteasome inhibitor and an apoptosis inducer in human cancer cells.

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Interest in the use of metallic compounds for cancer treatment has been increasing since the discovery of cisplatin. Clinical studies suggest the use of proteasome inhibitors as potential novel anticancer agents. L-glutamine is the most abundant free amino acid in the body, and has been shown to

TP53 mutation hits energy metabolism and increases glycolysis in breast cancer.

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Promising new hallmarks of cancer is alteration of energy metabolism that involves molecular mechanisms shifting cancer cells to aerobe glycolysis. Our goal was to evaluate the correlation between mutation in the commonly mutated tumor suppressor gene TP53 and metabolism. We established a database

Functional and molecular characteristics of system L in human breast cancer cells.

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The functional and molecular properties of system L in human mammary cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) have been examined. All transport experiments were conducted under Na(+)-free conditions. alpha-Aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) uptake by MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells was almost abolished by BCH

Synergistic inhibitory effects of genistein and tamoxifen on human dysplastic and malignant epithelial breast cells in vitro.

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OBJECTIVE Genistein is a phytoestrogen with in vitro anticancerogenic activity. We examined in vitro the effects of genistein alone, or in combination with estradiol and tamoxifen, on the growth of human dysplastic and malignant epithelial breast cell lines. METHODS Dysplastic breast cell lines

Antitumor activity of L-asparaginase from Thermus thermophilus.

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L-asparaginase (EC 3.5.1.1) was purified to homogeneity from Thermus thermophilus. The apparent molecular mass of L-asparaginase was found to be 33 kDa by SDS-PAGE, whereas by Sephacryl S-300 superfine column it was found to be 200 kDa, indicating that the enzyme in the native stage acts as hexamer.

1,10-Phenanthroline promotes copper complexes into tumor cells and induces apoptosis by inhibiting the proteasome activity.

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Indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-propionic acid, two potent natural plant growth hormones, have attracted attention as promising prodrugs in cancer therapy. Copper is known to be a cofactor essential for tumor angiogenesis. We have previously reported that taurine, L-glutamine, and

Acivicin. An antitumor antibiotic.

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Acivicin [(alpha S,5S)-alpha-amino-3-chloro-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazoleacetic acid; AT-125; NSC-163501] is a fermentation product of Streptomyces sviceus which is active in a variety of mouse tumor models including the L1210 and P388 leukemias, the M5076 ovarian carcinoma, and the MX-1 human breast

New strategies for management of oral mucositis in cancer patients.

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Oral mucositis can be a significant problem for cancer patients and is frequently seen in the patient population receiving high-dose head and neck radiation therapy (85%-100%), stem cell transplantation (75%-100%), and myelosuppressive chemotherapy for solid tumors (5%-40%). Current guidelines

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