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Glucose and palmitic acid induce degeneration of myofibrils and modulate apoptosis in rat adult cardiomyocytes.

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Several studies support the concept of a diabetic cardiomyopathy in the absence of discernible coronary artery disease, although its mechanism remains poorly understood. We investigated the role of glucose and palmitic acid on cardiomyocyte apoptosis and on the organization of the contractile

Mechanism of palmitic acid-induced deterioration of in vitro development of porcine oocytes and granulosa cells.

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The concentration of fatty acids in follicular fluid reflect the physical condition of donors, and palmitic acid (PA) is a major component of follicular fluid. The present study examined the effect of PA on in vitro oocyte growth and investigated the molecular backgrounds of the PA induced-low

Dietary docosahexaenoic acid protects against N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced retinal degeneration in rats.

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The effect of dietary intake of specific types of fatty acids on retinal degeneration due to N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced photoreceptor cell apoptosis was evaluated. Fifty-day-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were given a single intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg kg(-1) body weight of MNU, and

DHA reduces the atrophy-associated Fn14 protein in differentiated myotubes during coculture with macrophages.

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Macrophages are an important component of muscle where they are involved in complex processes such as repair, regeneration and hypertrophy. We recently reported that macrophage numbers increase in the muscle of obese patients, suggesting that muscle-resident macrophages could be involved in the

Obesity Mediates Apoptosis and Extracellular Matrix Metabolic Imbalances via MAPK Pathway Activation in Intervertebral Disk Degeneration.

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Obesity may promote intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) by non-mechanical means, by influencing levels of free fatty acids which could impair cell metabolism. This study aims to establish metabolic factors in obesity-related IDD independent of mechanical loading. In clinical study, we

Heat stress deteriorates mitochondrial beta-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids in cultured fibroblasts with fatty acid beta-oxidation disorders.

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Mitochondrial fatty acids beta-oxidation disorder (FAOD) has become popular with development of tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and enzymatic evaluation techniques. FAOD occasionally causes acute encephalopathy or even sudden death in children. On the other hand, hyperpyrexia may also trigger

Ubiquinone-10 protects neurons from virus-induced degeneration.

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Cultured neurons from rat dorsal root ganglia and cerebral cortex were infected with Sendai virus, which gives a productive replication with lysis of most neurons, and with the RW strain of mumps virus, which undergoes defective replication causing degeneration of only 30-40% of the neurons within 5

Type 2 diabetes-induced overactivation of P300 contributes to skeletal muscle atrophy by inhibiting autophagic flux

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Aims: Although autophagy impairment is a well-established cause of muscle atrophy and P300 has recently been identified as an important regulator of autophagy, the effects of P300 on autophagy and muscle atrophy in type 2 diabetes (T2D)

Metabolic labeling of rod outer segment phospholipids in miniature poodles with progressive rod-cone degeneration (prcd).

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The recessive genetic defect in miniature poodles which results in progressive rod-cone degeneration (prcd) has been investigated in an attempt to determine the biochemical abnormality involved. In the present study, the rod outer segments of young prcd affected miniature poodles and normal dogs

Impaired autophagic flux contributes to muscle atrophy in obesity by affecting muscle degradation and regeneration.

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Increased proteolytic activity has been widely associated with skeletal muscle atrophy. However, elevated proteolysis is also critical for the maintenance of intracellular homeostasis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the significance of autophagy in obesity-induced muscle atrophy and clarify

Fatty acid composition of brain glycolipids in Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia, and cerebrocortical atrophy.

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Quantitative fatty acid compositions are reported for human cerebral gray matter glycolipids (gangliosides, cerebrosides, and cerebroside sulfates) in Alzheimer's disease (presenile dementia) and related disorders of the central nervous system. Although the fatty acid compositions were generally

Fatty acid biosynthesis in Wallerian degeneration of rat sciatic nerve.

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In-vitro fatty acid biosynthesis was studied in normal rat sciatic nerve and during wallerian degeneration. Normal nerve incorporated 1,3-C14-malonyl-CoA and 1-C14-acetyl-CoA into fatty acids by a de-novo biosynthetic pathway. The reaction product with highest radioactivity was palmitic acid, and

Effect of α-linolenic acid on endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis of palmitic acid lipotoxicity in primary rat hepatocytes.

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BACKGROUND Hepatic inflammation and degeneration induced by lipid depositions may be the major cause of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we investigated the effects of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (FA) on apoptosis in primary rat hepatocytes. METHODS The primary rat

Deterioration of goat spermatozoa in skimmed milk-based extenders as a result of oleic acid released by the bulbourethral lipase BUSgp60.

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The aim of the present study was to elucidate the mode of action of goat bulbourethral lipase (BUSgp60 lipase) previously identified as responsible for the deterioration of goat sperm viability in skimmed milk-based extenders. Milk fractions were purified by micro- and ultrafiltration and

Differential participation of phospholipase A2 isoforms during iron-induced retinal toxicity. Implications for age-related macular degeneration.

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Both elevated iron concentrations and the resulting oxidative stress condition are common signs in retinas of patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The role of phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) during iron-induced retinal toxicity was investigated. To this end, isolated retinas were

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