Perfusion and pH MRI in familial hemiplegic migraine with prolonged aura.

BACKGROUND

To investigate tissue flow disturbance and hypoxia during migraine aura, we studied a case of familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) using novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques.

METHODS

A 44-year-old male was admitted with suspected stroke because of confusion and aphasia. Initial gadolinium-based perfusion MRI showed a decrease in cerebral blood flow and an increase in capillary flow disturbances within the left hemisphere. Later during the prolonged aura phase, chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI indicated a drop in pH in the affected area. The patient was diagnosed with an R908Q mutation in the ATP1A2 gene causing FHM type 2.

CONCLUSIONS

During prolonged aura in FHM, MRI shows reduced CBF, capillary flow disturbances and a possible pH drop that could indicate tissue hypoxia.