Physostigmine for the prevention of postanaesthetic shivering following general anaesthesia - a placebo-controlled comparison with nefopam.

Physostigmine was studied for its efficacy in the prevention of postanaesthetic shivering compared to nefopam and placebo. We studied 89 patients undergoing abdominal and urological surgery. The study was randomised and double-blind, the patients received physostigmine 2 mg (n = 31), nefopam 10 mg (n = 30) or saline (n = 28). Haemodynamic parameters and temperature were measured at induction of anaesthesia (T0), and 5 min (T1), 15 min (T2), 30 min (T3) and 60 min (T4) after reaching the postanaesthetic care unit (PACU). Significantly less shivering occurred following administration of physostigmine and nefopam (9.7 and 3.3%) compared to placebo (53.6%). The degree of shivering was also significantly reduced following physostigmine and nefopam (p < 0.01). Extubation time, haemodynamic parameters and tympanic temperature were found to be similar in all groups. Aldrete score, duration of PACU stay and postoperative analgesic requirements did not differ between the groups. Only nefopam significantly (p < 0.01) reduced postoperative nausea and vomiting. Physostigmine is a safe alternative to nefopam, significantly reducing the incidence and severity of postanaesthetic shivering without affecting postanaesthetic recovery.