azoospermia/hypoxia

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Azoospermia and maturation arrest: malfunction of valves in erect poster of humans leads to hypoxia in sperm production site.

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Maturation arrest (MA) of spermatogenesis is diagnosed on histology as interruption of spermatogenesis before the final stage without impairment of Sertoli or Leydig cells. It is considered a condition of irreversible or absolute infertility. Varicocele, which represents impairment in the testicular

Azoospermia and Sertoli-cell-only syndrome: hypoxia in the sperm production site due to impairment in venous drainage of male reproductive system.

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Sertoli-cell-only (SCO) syndrome, or germ cell aplasia, is diagnosed on testicular biopsy when germ cells are seen to be absent without histological impairment of Sertoli or Leydig cells. It is considered a situation of irreversible infertility. Recent studies have shown that varicocele, a bilateral

Caspase-3 and VEGF immunopositivity in seminiferous tubule germ cells in cases of obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia in smokers versus non-smokers.

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OBJECTIVE To investigate immunostaining pattern of caspase-3, an apoptosis marker, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an hypoxia marker in testis biopsy specimens collected either from smoking or non-smoking patients with azoospermia. METHODS Testis biopsy specimens were obtained from

Pathological changes in Sertoli cells and dysregulation of divalent metal transporter 1 with iron responsive element in the testes of idiopathic azoospermia patients.

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Iron is essential for rapidly dividing spermatocytes during normal mammalian spermatogenesis. Decreased transferrin and transferrin receptor levels were observed in seminal plasma from idiopathic azoospermia (IA) patients, suggesting disturbed iron metabolism in IA testes. However, how Sertoli cells

Hypoxia-induced apoptosis of mouse spermatocytes is mediated by HIF-1α through a death receptor pathway and a mitochondrial pathway.

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Hypoxia in vivo induces oligozoospermia, azoospermia, and degeneration of the germinal epithelium, but the underlying molecular mechanism of this induction is not fully clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the death receptor pathway and the mitochondrial pathway in

[Cystic fibrosis: gynecological and obstetrical aspects].

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Survival in patients with cystic fibrosis has considerably improved over the last years. Young adults are particularly concerned. Fertility in these patients is greatly decreased, especially in men due to obstructive azoospermia. In women, intra-uterine insemination with her spouse's sperm can

Thalassaemia and aberrations of growth and puberty.

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Endocrine dysfunction in Thalassaemia major (TM) is a common and disturbing complication, which requires prompt recognition and treatment. The contribution of the underlying molecular defect in TM to the development of endocrinopathies is significant because the patients with the more severe genetic

[Impact of plateau environment on seminal characteristics of native Tibetans and immigrated Tibetan Hans].

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UNASSIGNED To investigate the characteristics of the semen parameters of native Tibetans and immigrated Tibetan Hans in the high-altitude area and analyze the influence of altitude adaptation on male fertility. METHODS This study included 1 563 infertile male patients, including 698 native Tibetans

Primary ciliary dyskinesia in the dog.

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A disorder caused by congenital ciliary dysfunction occurs in dogs. Most of the clinical signs are directly or indirectly attributable to immotile or dyskinetic cilia and spermflagella. Due to severely impaired mucociliary clearance, a continuous mucoid nasal discharge and intermittent sneezing and

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV: A multifunctional enzyme and potential therapeutic target.

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The calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CAMKIV) belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family, and is primarily involved in transcriptional regulation in lymphocytes, neurons and male germ cells. CAMKIV operates the signaling cascade and regulates activity of several

Multiple organ pathology, metabolic abnormalities and impaired homeostasis of reactive oxygen species in Epas1-/- mice.

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Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcription factors respond to multiple environmental stressors, including hypoxia and hypoglycemia. We report that mice lacking the HIF family member HIF-2alpha (encoded by Epas1) have a syndrome of multiple-organ pathology, biochemical abnormalities and altered

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