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Root graviresponsiveness and columella cell structure in carotenoid-deficient seedlings of Zea mays.

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Root graviresponsiveness in normal and carotenoid-deficient mutant seedlings of Zea mays was not significantly different. Columella cells in roots of mutant seedlings were characterized by fewer, smaller, and a reduced relative volume of plastids as compared to columella cells of normal seedlings.

Root growth, secondary root formation and root gravitropism in carotenoid-deficient seedlings of Zea mays L.

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The effect of ABA on root growth, secondary-root formation and root gravitropism in seedlings of Zea mays was investigated by using Fluridone-treated seedlings and a viviparous mutant, both of which lack carotenoids and ABA. Primary roots of seedlings grown in the presence of Fluridone grew

Cloning and Functional Characterization of the Maize (Zea mays L.) Carotenoid Epsilon Hydroxylase Gene.

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The assignment of functions to genes in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway is necessary to understand how the pathway is regulated and to obtain the basic information required for metabolic engineering. Few carotenoid ε-hydroxylases have been functionally characterized in plants although this would

(Poly)phenols, Carotenoids, and Tocochromanols in Corn (Zea mays L.) Kernels As Affected by Phosphate Fertilization and Sowing Time.

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Corn (Zea mays L.) growth and development is often limited by the availability of phosphate. We thus hypothesized that phosphate fertilization may increase the contents of (poly)phenols, carotenoids, and tocochromanols (vitamin E) in corn grains. Corn plants cultivated on a soil fertilized

Batch and fed-batch carotenoid production by Rhodotorula glutinis-Debaryomyces castellii co-cultures in corn syrup.

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OBJECTIVE Investigations on the production of red pigments by Rhodotorula glutinis on raw substrates of agro-industrial origin may be considered of interest because they represent the first approach to the utilization of these raw materials for biotechnological purposes. RESULTS Rhodotorula glutinis

Retention of provitamin A carotenoids in high beta-carotene maize (Zea mays) during traditional African household processing.

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High beta-carotene maize, biofortified with beta-carotene through plant breeding, is being developed as a cost-effective, sustainable agronomic approach to alleviating the problem of vitamin A deficiency in Africa. We used high beta-carotene maize (10.49+/-0.16 microg beta-carotene/g) to prepare

Graviresponsiveness and abscisic-acid content of roots of carotenoid-deficient mutants of Zea mays L.

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The abscisic-acid (ABA) content of roots of the carotenoid-deficient w-3, vp-5, and vp-7 mutants of Z. mays was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with an analysis sensitivity of 6 ng ABA g(-1) fresh weight (FW). Roots of normal seedlings of the same lines were characterized by the

Graviresponsiveness and abscisic-acid content of roots of carotenoid-deficient mutants of Zea mays L.

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The abscisic-acid (ABA) content of roots of the carotenoid-deficient w-3, vp-5, and vp-7 mutants of Z. mays was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with an analysis sensitivity of 6 ng ABA g-1 fresh weight (FW). Roots of normal seedlings of the same lines were characterized by the

The xanthophyll composition of biofortified maize (Zea mays Sp.) does not influence the bioefficacy of provitamin a carotenoids in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus).

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Maize has been targeted for biofortification with provitamin A carotenoids through traditional breeding. Two studies were conducted in gerbils to evaluate factors that may affect provitamin A activity. Maize diets had equal theoretical concentrations of vitamin A (VA) assuming 100% bioefficacy.

Antioxidant capacity and antimutagenic activity of anthocyanin and carotenoid extracts from nixtamalized pigmented Creole maize races (Zea mays L.).

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Nixtamalization process is the first step to obtain maize based products, like tortillas; however, in both the traditional and commercial processes, white grain is generally preferred. Creole maize races, mainly pigmented varieties, have increasingly attention since these are rich in anthocyanins

Effect of Traditional and Extrusion Nixtamalization on Carotenoid Retention in Tortillas Made from Provitamin A Biofortified Maize (Zea mays L.).

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Provitamin A (proVA) enhanced maize was developed to help alleviate vitamin A deficiency in maize-consuming populations. Nixtamalization (lime-cooking process) is the most commonly used maize-preparation method in Mexico and Central America. In this study, the effect of traditional nixtamalization

Bioaccessibility of pro-vitamin A carotenoids is minimally affected by non pro-vitamin a xanthophylls in maize (Zea mays sp.).

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The absorption of some carotenoids has been reported to be decreased by coingestion of relatively high concentrations of other carotenoids. It is unclear if such interactions occur among carotenoids during the digestion of plant foods. Current varieties of maize contain limited amounts of the

Influence of Temperature and Humidity on the Stability of Carotenoids in Biofortified Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes during Controlled Postharvest Storage.

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Maize is a staple crop that has been the subject of biofortification efforts to increase the natural content of provitamin A carotenoids. Although significant progress toward increasing provitamin A carotenoid content in maize varieties has been made, postharvest handling factors that influence

Impact of postharvest handling on carotenoid concentration and composition in high-carotenoid maize (Zea mays L.) kernels.

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High carotenoid maize is an ideal source of high value dietary carotenoids, especially lutein and zeaxanthin, in human and animal feed and has been proposed as a feedstock for high carotenoid egg production. A modified analytical method was demonstrated to have reliability, reproducibility, and

Evaluation of analytical methods for carotenoid extraction from biofortified maize (Zea mays sp.).

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Biofortification of maize with beta-carotene has the potential to improve vitamin A status in vitamin A deficient populations where maize is a staple crop. Accurate assessment of provitamin A carotenoids in maize must be performed to direct breeding efforts. The objective was to evaluate carotenoid

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