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Cholic acid and deoxycholic acid induce skeletal muscle atrophy through a mechanism dependent on TGR5 receptor

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Skeletal muscle atrophy is characterized by the degradation of myofibrillar proteins, such as myosin heavy chain or troponin. An increase in the expression of two muscle-specific E3 ligases, atrogin-1 and MuRF-1, and oxidative stress are involved in muscle atrophy. Patients with chronic liver

Downregulation of angiogenic factors and their downstream target molecules affects the deterioration of erectile function in a rat model of hypercholesterolemia.

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate how the expression of angiogenic factors and their downstream target molecules, which are potentially involved in penile homeostasis, is related to erectile dysfunction in a rat model of hypercholesterolemia. METHODS Fifty-six 2-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were included

Cholic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid therapy in primary biliary cirrhosis. Changes in bile acid patterns and their correlation with liver function.

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We treated 6 patients with Stage II primary biliary cirrhosis with cholic acid (CA) 10 mg.kg-1 per day for 3 months and then with the same dose of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). A matching group of 6 patients was observed for 3 months without any therapy. Liver function tests and serum and stool bile

[Effects of high cholic acid on fetal brains of pregnant rats].

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OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of morphous on fetal brains in pregnant rat of high cholic acid. METHODS Randomly deviding 30 SD pregnant rats to three groups A, B and C, every group is 10. From 13th to 20th days of pregnancy, injecting 5.5 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) cholic acid to pregnant rats of

[Effects of urso-deoxycholic acid (UDCA) on alpha-naphthyl-isothiocyanate (ANIT) induced intrahepatic cholestasis in rats].

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Using the ANIT induced model of cholestasis in rats, the therapeutic effects of UDCA to the intrahepatic cholestasis were evaluated by changes of serum chemistry and liver histology. ANIT was administered once at a dosage of 40 mg/kg b.w. per os and UDCA was given ad libitum for 7 days by a drinking

Hepatic levels of bile acids in end-stage chronic cholestatic liver disease.

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In chronic cholestatic liver disease hydrophobic and potentially cytotoxic bile acids are assumed to accumulate in the liver. To test this hypothesis we investigated bile acid levels and pattern in livers and serum of patients with, (A) end-stage chronic cholestatic liver disease, and with (B)

The effect of Macrotyloma uniflorum seed on bile lithogenicity against diet induced cholelithiasis on mice.

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BACKGROUND The seeds of Macrotyloma uniflorum Lam. (Family Fabaceae) contain extractable total and tannins with reported hepatoprotective, hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant activity. In this study, dietary M. uniflorum seed, methanolic and acetone extracts (ME and AE) were examined for their

[The influence of ursodesoxycholic acid (URSO) on griseofulvin (GF)-induced protoporphyria].

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To investigate the influence of ursodesoxycholic acid (URSO) on griseofulvin (GF)-induced protoporphyria mice, analysis of hepatic, erythrocytic, and fecal porphyrin levels and histopathological examinations were performed in dd-Y strain mice treated with 0.5% GF and/or 0.5% URSO. We observed no

Effects of Surface-Deacetylated Chitin Nanofibers in an Experimental Model of Hypercholesterolemia.

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This study evaluated the effects of oral administration of surface-deacetylated chitin nanofibers (SDACNFs) on hypercholesterolemia using an experimental model. All rats were fed a high cholesterol diet with 1% w/w cholesterol and 0.5% w/w cholic acid for 28 days. Rats were divided equally into four

Hepatobiliary effects of cholic and lithocholic acids: experimental study in hamsters.

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Etiopathogenesis of biliary atresia remains unknown. Among several theories, one proposes that the disorder may be caused by the toxic effect of monohydroxy bile acids on fetal and neonatal hepatobiliary system. In this paper we evaluated toxic effects produced by ingestion of cholic acid, a

Acute and reversible fatty metamorphosis of cultured rat hepatocytes.

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Rat hepatocyte cell line M6, B347 and J525, among which only M6 is slightly deviated from diploidy, showed marked microvesicular fatty metamorphosis in response to treatment with Tweens at concentrations of 0.05-0.025% in Eagle's minimum essential medium (MEM). Within 24 h treated cells became fatty

Derangements in endothelial cell-to-cell junctions involved in the pathogenesis of hypercholesterolemia-induced erectile dysfunction.

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BACKGROUND Endothelial cell-to-cell junctions are crucial for vascular formation, networking, and remodeling of blood vessels as well as for inducing and integrating intracellular signals. OBJECTIVE We investigated the differential expression and distribution of endothelial cell-to-cell junction

Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX): a clinical survey of the patient population in The Netherlands.

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The clinical features and additional investigations of 20 Dutch patients suffering from cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX), an inborn error of metabolism in bile acid synthesis, are described. The onset was in the second or third decade. The clinical picture at the time of examination consisted of

Hepatic ultrastructure in children with protein-energy malnutrition.

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Samples of liver from eight children who died from malnutrition with its complications were studied by electron microscopy. Specimens were taken within one hour of death. These tissues had changes consistent with severe terminal illness, including mitochondrial swelling, with loss of matrix

Absence of histopathological changes of ileum and colon in functional chronic diarrhea associated with bile acid malabsorption, assessed by SeHCAT test: a prospective study.

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OBJECTIVE Chronic diarrhea of unknown origin is often associated with bile acid malabsorption, the pathogenetic role of which is uncertain. The aim of this study was to identify morphological abnormalities in the ileal and colonic mucosa in patients with this disorder. METHODS We performed a

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