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Evaluation of hepatic function in liver cirrhosis: clinical utility of galactose elimination capacity, hepatic clearance of D-sorbitol, and laboratory investigations.

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Assessment of hepatic function is based on both liver blood tests and functional tests, the extensive application of which is still controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical utility of a few selected tests as discriminatory and prognostic indexes: serum albumin,

Pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam in patients with moderate to severe liver cirrhosis (Child-Pugh classes A, B, and C): characterization by dynamic liver function tests.

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BACKGROUND Levetiracetam is an antiepileptic drug approved for use as adjunctive therapy in adults with partial-onset seizures. We sought to investigate possible changes in the pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam and its metabolite ucb L057 in patients with liver cirrhosis, who may require dose

Alfentanil-induced miosis as a surrogate measure of alfentanil pharmacokinetics in patients with mild and moderate liver cirrhosis.

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OBJECTIVE (i) To evaluate the pupillary response to alfentanil as a surrogate measure of alfentanil pharmacokinetics in cirrhotic patients and to compare the data observed in cirrhotic patients with those found in healthy volunteers (historical control group); and (ii) to compare this test with

Prostaglandin E1 infusion and functional hepatic flow in control subjects and in patients with cirrhosis.

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Metabolic effects of prostaglandin E1 have been previously demonstrated in cirrhosis, apparently independent of changes in large splanchnic vessel hemodynamics. The effects of prostaglandin E1 on functional liver blood flow were tested by measuring the extrarenal clearance of D-sorbitol in six

Non-invasive evaluation of portal-systemic shunting in man by D-sorbitol bioavailability.

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Portal-systemic shunting is an important circulatory abnormality in patients with cirrhosis. This study explores the potential of the natural polyol D-sorbitol as test compound for non-invasive assessment of shunting. Ten normal subjects, 10 patients with cirrhosis and 12 cirrhotics with surgical

Evaluation of liver functional reserve by combining D-sorbitol clearance rate and CT measured liver volume.

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OBJECTIVE Our research attempted to evaluate the overall functional reserve of cirrhotic liver by combination of hepatic functional blood flow, liver volume, and Child-Pugh's classification, and to discuss its value of clinical application. METHODS Ninety two patients with portal hypertension due to

Functional hepatic flow in patients with liver cirrhosis.

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate hepatic reserve function by investigating the change of functional hepatic flow and total hepatic flow in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension. METHODS HPLC method was employed for the determination of concentration of D-sorbitol in human plasma and urine. The functional

Arterial-venous shunting in liver cirrhosis.

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Controversial data exist in the literature about the presence and clinical relevance of hepatic arterial-venous shunting. An interesting opportunity for reconsidering the problem has been provided by the use, in the study of liver function, of D-sorbitol, a substance whose first-pass hepatic

Increased NaCl-induced interleukin-8 production by human bronchial epithelial cells is enhanced by the DeltaF508/W1282X mutation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene.

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A satisfactory model describing the airway surface fluid (ASF) in the airways of persons with cystic fibrosis (CF) remains to be established due to theoretical challenges to both the "Hydration Hypothesis" and the "Salt Hypothesis." Irrespective of these models, inhaled hypertonic saline is often

Functional hepatic flow and Doppler-assessed total hepatic flow in control subjects and in patients with cirrhosis.

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Functional hepatic flow and total hepatic flow were determined by non-invasive techniques in 32 patients with cirrhosis and in 32 paired control subjects. Functional hepatic flow was measured by the hepatic clearance of D-sorbitol, while total hepatic flow was determined by pulsed echo-Doppler, as

Rapid determination of functional liver plasma flow in ICU patients by a modified hepatic D-sorbitol plasma clearance method.

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Changes in liver perfusion may have a substantial influence on the pharmacokinetics of drugs with flow-controlled metabolism. This may have important implications for drug dosage in patients in an intensive care unit (ICU). The hepatic D-sorbitol plasma clearance has been suggested as a non-invasive

Assessment of the hepatic circulation in humans: new concepts based on evidence derived from a D-sorbitol clearance method.

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D-Sorbitol (SOR) is safe, is easy to measure, and has an exceptionally high extraction ratio in the normal liver of 0.93+/-0.05 (mean+/-SD). Together with the general interest in hepatic hemodynamics, these facts motivated us to review the usefulness of this compound for the assessment of liver

Short-term effects of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) on functional liver plasma flow in patients with advanced cirrhosis.

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OBJECTIVE TIPS, an effective procedure applied for the treatment of complications of portal hypertension, is potentially followed by worsening of the hyperdynamic circulation of cirrhosis and the impairment of liver function. The aim of the present study was to evaluate short-term changes of

Hepatic plasma flow estimated according to Fick's principle in patients with hepatic encephalopathy: evaluation of indocyanine green and D-sorbitol as test substances.

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The magnitude of hepatic plasma flow in patients with liver failure and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is unknown because a reliable flow estimate has not been available. The purpose of this study was to estimate hepatic plasma flow in patients with HE and to evaluate indocyanine green (ICG) and

Determination of functional portal-systemic shunting in patients submitted to hepatic angiography.

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Angiographic visualization of the hepatic vascular bed by selective angiography can be profitably complemented with the evaluation of functional portal-systemic shunting by D-sorbitol bioavailability. Seventeen patients requiring diagnostic arterial catheterization were studied: most of them had

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