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Sida 1 från 51 resultat
Adenylyl cyclase 6 expression is essential for cholera toxin-induced diarrhea.
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Preventive effects of the probiotic Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917 on acute secretory diarrhea in a pig model of intestinal infection.
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Pretreatment with the probiotic Escherichia colistrain Nissle 1917 (EcN) was assessed in a pig model of intestinal infection to prevent acute secretory diarrhea. In the model 10(10) colony forming units of the porcine enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Abbotstown (EcA) was given via orogastric tube to
Origanum majorana L extract exhibit positive cooperative effects on the main mechanisms involved in acute infectious diarrhea.
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BACKGROUND
Origanum majorana L. (Lamiaceae) is commonly used in Moroccan folk medicine to treat infantile colic, abdominal discomfort and diarrhea. Liquid stools and abdominal discomfort observed in acute infectious diarrhea are the consequences of imbalance between intestinal water secretion and
A plant-derived hydrolysable tannin inhibits CFTR chloride channel: a potential treatment of diarrhea.
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OBJECTIVE
The present study examined the effects and mechanisms of actions of penta-m-digalloyl-glucose (PDG), a hydrolysable tannin extracted from Chinese gallnut, on cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR).
METHODS
Fisher rat thyroid cells stably expressing human CFTR
NSP4 elicits age-dependent diarrhea and Ca(2+)mediated I(-) influx into intestinal crypts of CF mice.
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Homologous disruption of the murine gene encoding the cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) leads to the loss of cAMP-mediated ion transport. Mice carrying this gene defect exhibit meconium ileus at birth and gastrointestinal plugging during the neonatal period, both
[Treatment with clonidine in a case of the short bowel syndrome with therapy-refractory diarrhea].
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A patient with refractory diarrhoea (up to 10 l/d) following colectomy and ileostomy was treated with clonidine, after loperamide, tinctura opii, cholestyramine and somatostatin had failed to reduce stool volume to less than 6 l/d. Under combined treatment with clonidine (1200 micrograms/d) and
Ion transport during growth and differentiation.
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The major function of the adult colon is to reabsorb fluid from the chyme. This ability to conserve salt and water is especially important in newborns, where reserves are small and diarrhea is frequent. Although much is known about regulation of Cl- transport in the adult colon, postnatal changes in
Characterization of enteric functional changes evoked by in vivo anti-CD3 T cell activation.
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Specific in vivo T cell activation initiated by treatment with anti-CD3 antibodies leads to diarrhea and structural damage of the intestinal mucosa. In this study, the effect of T cell-induced mucosal damage on jejunal epithelial ion transport, muscle contractility, and neuronal ACh release was
Mechanism of cholera toxin action on a polarized human intestinal epithelial cell line: role of vesicular traffic.
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The massive secretion of salt and water in cholera-induced diarrhea involves binding of cholera toxin (CT) to ganglioside GM1 in the apical membrane of intestinal epithelial cells, translocation of the enzymatically active A1-peptide across the membrane, and subsequent activation of adenylate
A novel extract SB-300 from the stem bark latex of Croton lechleri inhibits CFTR-mediated chloride secretion in human colonic epithelial cells.
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An oligomeric proanthocyanidin (SP-303) extracted from the bark latex of the tree Croton lechleri (family Euphorbiaceae) is a potent inhibitor of cholera toxin-induced fluid accumulation and chloride secretion. The manufacturing process for SP-303 was optimized and simplified to produce an increased
Somatostatin receptor subtype 2 mediates somatostatin inhibition of ion secretion in rat distal colon.
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OBJECTIVE
Somatostatin peptides are potent inhibitors of intestinal ion secretion, providing the rationale for their use in treating secretory diarrhea. However, the nature of the receptors that mediate these effects is unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate expression of somatostatin
Regulation of colonic apical potassium (BK) channels by cAMP and somatostatin.
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High-conductance apical K+ (BK) channels are present in surface colonocytes of mammalian (including human) colon. Their location makes them well fitted to contribute to the excessive intestinal K(+) losses often associated with infective diarrhea. Since many channel proteins are regulated by
Anti-diarrheal mechanism of the traditional remedy Uzara via reduction of active chloride secretion.
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OBJECTIVE
The root extract of the African Uzara plant is used in traditional medicine as anti-diarrheal drug. It is known to act via inhibition of intestinal motility, but malabsorptive or antisecretory mechanisms are unknown yet.
METHODS
HT-29/B6 cells and human colonic biopsies were studied in
Discovery of glycine hydrazide pore-occluding CFTR inhibitors: mechanism, structure-activity analysis, and in vivo efficacy.
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The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein is a cAMP-regulated epithelial Cl- channel that, when defective, causes cystic fibrosis. Screening of a collection of 100,000 diverse small molecules revealed four novel chemical classes of CFTR inhibitors with Ki < 10 microM,
Citrobacter rodentium infection causes iNOS-independent intestinal epithelial dysfunction in mice.
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Attaching-effacing bacteria are major causes of infectious diarrhea in humans worldwide. Citrobacter rodentium is an attaching-effacing enteric pathogen that causes transmissible murine colonic mucosal hyperplasia. We characterized colonic inflammation and ion transport at 3, 7, 10, 30, and 60 d
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