hypertrophy/skopolamin

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Alteration of the rat exocrine pancreas after chronic scopolamine administration.

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N-Methyl scopolamine (NMS) 25 mg kg-1 was given to rats for 14 days as a single daily intraperitoneal injection or by constant infusion through osmotic minipumps placed in the abdominal cavity. The anticholinergic drug reduced significantly body and pancreatic weights, and total pancreatic DNA

Involvement of the peripheral cholinergic muscarinic system in the compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in the rat.

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In the present experiments, unilateral ovariectomy (ULO) induced compensatory hypertrophy (COH) of the remaining rat ovary (60%-85% increase in ovarian weight, total proteins, and total RNA and DNA). An increased thymidine uptake preceded the organ enlargement. COH was inhibited by i.p.-administered

Using MRI for the assessment of paraoxon-induced brain damage and efficacy of antidotal treatment.

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Organophosphate intoxication induces neural toxicity as demonstrated in histological analysis of poisoned animals. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWMRI) enables early noninvasive characterization of biological tissues based on their water diffusion characteristics. Our objectives

New classes of antimuscarinic agents endowed with selective antispasmodic properties. 1-Arylsulfonyl pyrrolidin-2-ones and 2-thiones, 1-arylsulfonyl piperidin-2-ones and 2-thiones and 1-arylsulfonyl hexahydro-2H-azepin-2-one.

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A series of 1-arylsulfonylpyrrolidin-2-ones (and 2-thiones), 1-aryl sulfonylpiperidin-2-ones (and 2-thiones) and 1-arylsulfonyl hexahydro-2H-azepin-2-one were synthesized and submitted to a battery of binding assays. The compounds showed little or no affinity for the receptors tested other than

Effects of sustained low-level muscarinic agonism in rats.

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Sustained, low level muscarinic activity was induced in rats by feeding the muscarinic agonist and experimental drug candidate CI-969 at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight/day for 4 wk. Except for urine staining, clinical signs typical of acute high-dose exposure to muscarinic agonists were not

Muscarinic receptor protein expression in the ocular tissues of the chick during normal and myopic eye development.

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Muscarinic receptor signalling has been implicated in both the embryonic and postnatal development of ocular structures as well as in myopic eye growth. A radioligand binding assay was used to determine whether changes in muscarinic receptor density and/or affinity occurred in the chick retina,

Early maternal separation has mild effects on cardiac autonomic balance and heart structure in adult male rats.

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Early life adverse experiences have long-term physiologic and behavioral effects and enhance stress sensitivity. This study examined the effects of maternal separation (MS) on cardiac stress responsivity and structure in adulthood. Male Wistar rats were separated from the dams for 3 h per day from

Urinary bladder function in rats with hereditary diabetes insipidus; a cystometrical and in vitro evaluation.

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Bladder function was investigated in female rats with hereditary diabetes insipidus (DI) and in healthy controls, in vivo by means of recordings of micturition pattern and cystometry, and in vitro in organ bath experiments. Rats with DI exhibited bladder hypertrophy, the weight of the bladder in

Biomechanical properties and innervation of the female caveolin-1-deficient detrusor.

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OBJECTIVE Caveolin-1-deficiency is associated with substantial urogenital alterations. Here, a mechanical, histological and biochemical characterization of female detrusors from wild-type and caveolin-1-deficient (KO) mice was made to increase the understanding of detrusor changes caused by lack of

Physiological effects of muscarinic vs nicotinic ACh antagonists upon ganglion cell activity in the frog retina.

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The intravitreal administration of ACh agonists (eserine, carbachol, oxotremorine) or that of ACh muscarinic antagonists (scopolamine, atropine) provoked a reduction of the On-Off ganglion cell discharges. The agonists depressed the Off discharges more than the On discharges, while the ACh

Stimulation of muscarinic receptors mimics experience-dependent plasticity in the honey bee brain.

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Honey bees begin life working in the hive. At approximately 3 weeks of age, they shift to visiting flowers to forage for pollen and nectar. Foraging is a complex task associated with enlargement of the mushroom bodies, a brain region important in insects for certain forms of learning and memory. We

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