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Diabetes acceleration by cyclophosphamide in the non-obese diabetic mouse is associated with differentiation of immunosuppressive monocytes into immunostimulatory cells.

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Cyclophosphamide (CTX) was previously shown to induce the recruitment of immunosuppressive myeloid cells in mouse. In the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse, which develops spontaneously type I diabetes, CTX is widely known to accelerate the autoimmune process. Our data demonstrated that CTX actually

Interleukin-10 gene transfer into insulin-producing β cells protects against diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice.

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Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder, which occurs due to β cell damage. Interleukin (IL)-10, a pleotropic cytokine, has been reported to have anti‑inflammatory, immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory properties. Administration of IL‑10 is known to prevent autoimmune diabetes in non‑obese

Fetal calf serum-primed dendritic cells induce a strong anti-fetal calf serum immune response and diabetes protection in the non-obese diabetic mouse.

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In recent years, several investigators have shown that transfer of dendritic cells (DC) prevents diabetes development in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Accumulating evidences showing that DC cultured in medium containing fetal calf serum (FCS) can induce a dominant unspecific immune response in

Defects in the differentiation and function of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells in non-obese diabetic mice.

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Due to their high immunostimulatory ability as well as the critical role they play in the maintenance of self-tolerance, dendritic cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse is an animal model of autoimmune type 1 diabetes, in which

Shedding "LIGHT" on the Link between Bone and Fat in Obese Children and Adolescents

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Obesity may affect bone health, but literature reports are contradictory about the correlation of body mass index (BMI) and bone markers. LIGHT, one of the immunostimulatory cytokines regulating the homeostasis of bone and adipose tissue, could be involved in obesity. The study involved 111 obese

Obesity triggers enhanced MDSC accumulation in murine renal tumors via elevated local production of CCL2.

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Obesity is one of the leading risk factors for developing renal cell carcinoma, an immunogenic tumor that is treated clinically with immunostimulatory therapies. Currently, however, the mechanisms linking obesity with renal cancer incidence are unclear. Using a model of diet-induced obesity, we

High-mobility group protein B1: a new biomarker of metabolic syndrome in obese children.

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BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with a chronic low-grade inflammation. High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) plays a key role in inflammation and immunostimulatory and chemotactic processes. The aim of the study was to assess the role of HMGB1 in obese children and to evaluate its diagnostic

The genus Turbinaria: chemical and pharmacological diversity.

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The Genus Turbinaria is still chemically and pharmacologically underexplored. These brown algae belong to the family Sargassaceae. Therapeutic potentials of pure compounds isolated from the Genus Turbinaria are extraordinarily promising as antiproliferative, antipyretic,

Immunomodulatory actions of central ghrelin in diet-induced energy imbalance.

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We investigated the effects of centrally administered orexigenic hormone ghrelin on energy imbalance-induced inflammation. Rats were subjected for four weeks to three different dietary regimes: normal (standard food), high-fat (standard food with 30% lard) or food-restricted (70%, 50%, 40% and 40%

Immunostimulation circumvents diabetes in NOD/Lt mice.

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Diabetes susceptibility in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice may entail faulty activation of immunoregulatory cells resulting from cytokine deficiencies. Depletion of T cells prevents disease onset in these mice. Since we had previously shown that IL-2 treatment in vivo restored the ability of NOD/Lt

Nature vs. Nurture: Defining the Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Isolation and Culture Conditions on Resiliency to Palmitate Challenge.

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As MSC products move from early development to clinical translation, culture conditions shift from xeno- to xeno-free systems. However, the impact of isolation and culture-expansion methods on the long-term resiliency of MSCs within challenging transplant environments is not fully understood. Recent

Autoantigen based vaccines for type 1 diabetes.

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Type 1 diabetes is an organ-specific autoimmune disease caused by chronic inflammation (insulitis), which damages the insulin producing β-cells of the pancreatic Islets of Langerhans. Dendritic cells (DCs) are generally the first cells of the immune system to process β-cell autoantigens and, by

Bromocriptine-induced hyperglycemia in nonobese diabetic mice: kinetics and mechanisms of action.

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The effects of bromocriptine (10 mg/kg), known to inhibit prolactin secretion and lower autoimmune processes, were studied on glucose homeostasis in non-fasted non-obese diabetic mice, a spontaneous model of type 1 diabetes. Hyperglycemia was observed 120 and 240 min after i.p. but not s.c.

Site-specific regulation of tissue dendritic cell function by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating-factor.

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Tissue dendritic cells (DC) are usually associated with phagocytic function but poor T-cell immunostimulatory capacity. Following activation, dendritic cells are stimulated to leave tissue sites and migrate to lymphoid tissue, acquiring immunostimulatory capacity during the process. We provide

Korean mistletoe (Viscum album coloratum) extract regulates gene expression related to muscle atrophy and muscle hypertrophy.

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BACKGROUND Korean mistletoe (Viscum album coloratum) is a semi-parasitic plant that grows on various trees and has a diverse range of effects on biological functions, being implicated in having anti-tumor, immunostimulatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity properties. Recently, we also reported that

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