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One-step generation of cytoplasmic male sterility by fusion of mitochondrial-inactivated tomato protoplasts with nuclear-inactivated Solanum protoplasts.

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Mesophyll protoplasts of Lycopersicon esculentum were treated with iodoacetamide to inactivate mitochondria, and protoplasts of Solanum acaule and Solanum tuberosum were irradiated with gamma- or x-rays to inactivate nuclei. Mixtures of protoplasts thus modified were treated with Ca2+ and

A novel mite-transmitted virus with a divided RNA genome closely associated with pigeonpea sterility mosaic disease.

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ABSTRACT The agent of sterility mosaic, a disease that is a major constraint on pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) production in the Indian subcontinent, is transmitted by the eriophyid mite, Aceria cajani. This agent has remained elusive for decades despite intensive efforts but we report the isolation of

The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Sua-type cytoplasmic male sterility of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum).

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To uncover the cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS)-associated mitochondrial genes of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), we determined the complete nucleotide sequence of Sua-CMS mitochondrial genome. The Sua-CMS mtDNA sequence is 522,731 bp in length and contains 34 protein-coding genes, 25 transfer RNA

A study of morphology, cytology and sterility in interspecific hybrids and amphidiploids of Nicotiana knightiana X N. umbratica.

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Interspecific hybrids and amphidiploids of Nicotiana knightiana Goodspeed (n= 12)x N. umbratica Burbidge (n = 23) resembled either parent in some characters and were intermediate in other characters. The F1 hybrids (2n = 35) showed mostly univalents during meiosis, while the amphidiploids (2n = 70)

Towards male sterility in Pinus radiata--a stilbene synthase approach to genetically engineer nuclear male sterility.

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A male cone-specific promoter from Pinus radiata D. Don (radiata pine) was used to express a stilbene synthase gene (STS) in anthers of transgenic Nicotiana tabacum plants, resulting in complete male sterility in 70% of transformed plants. Three plants were 98%-99.9% male sterile, as evidenced by

Cytoplasmic male sterility is associated with large deletions in the mitochondrial DNA of two Nicotiana sylvestris protoclones.

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Two cytoplasmic male-sterile plants (CMSI and CMSII) were obtained by protoplast culture in Nicotiana sylvestris. Both plants showed large deletions (up to 50 kb) in their mitochondrial DNA. Restriction maps of the reorganized regions suggested that the deletions occurred via two homologous

Induction of Male Sterility in Tobacco by Anther-Specific Expression of the Gene for Ricin Enzymatic Subunit A Chain RTA.

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Targeted gene expression in plants allows us to further study biological traits of interest, such as reproductive and developmental processes. Here, the tobacco TA29 anther-specific promoter was used to direct the expression of the ricin enzymatic subunit A (RTA) in transgenic tobacco plants,

Development of KASP marker for cytoplasmic male sterility in Nicotiana tabacum and utilization in trait introgression.

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Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is an important trait for large-scale hybrid seed production which avoids manual emasculation and undesired horizontal spread of pollen. Rearrangements in mitochondrial genome in terms of deletions and insertions are frequent causes leading to CMS. Mitochondrial ATP

Stable male sterility induced by the expression of mutated melon ethylene receptor genes in Nicotiana tabacum.

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A major concern about genetically modified crops is transgene flow through pollen dispersal. We previously demonstrated that overexpression of the mutated melon ethylene receptor genes Cm-ETR1/H69A or Cm-ERS1/H70A induces pollen abortion and altered flower architecture, resulting in sterility or

D-glufosinate as a male sterility agent for hybrid seed production.

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A chemical male sterility system based on anther-localized conversion of the inactive D-enantiomer of the herbicide, glufosinate (2-amino-4-(methylphosphinyl)-butanoate) to the phytotoxic L is described. Highly pure D-glufosinate was isolated in >98% enantiomeric excess from the racemate via

Engineered selective plant male sterility through pollen-specific expression of the EcoRI restriction endonuclease.

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Unintended gene flow from transgenic plants via pollen, seed and vegetative propagation is a regulatory concern because of potential admixture in food and crop systems, as well as hybridization and introgression to wild and weedy relatives. Bioconfinement of transgenic pollen would help address some

The "drought-inducible" histone H1s of tobacco play no role in male sterility linked to alterations in H1 variants.

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Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) has two major H1 variants (H1A and H1B), which account for over 80% of chromatin linker histones, and four minor variants: H1C, H1D, H1E and H1F. We have shown previously [M. Prymakowska-Bosak et al. (1999) Plant Cell 11:2317-2329] that reversal of the natural

Comparative Analysis of the Mitochondrial Genomes of Nicotiana tabacum: Hints Toward the Key Factors Closely Related to the Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Mechanism.

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Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a complex phenomenon of plant sterility that can produce non-functional pollen. It is caused by mutation, rearrangement or recombination in the mitochondrial genome. So far, the systematic structural characteristics of the changes in the

[T-DNA induced anomalies of flowers and male sterility in transgenic tobacco plants: morphometric and cytological analysis].

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Morphometric and cytological analysis have been carried out in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants possessing male sterility and abnormalities of flowers. Mutation affected flower structure and conducted to long pistil and male sterility. It was established that development of

Genetically engineered cytoplasmic male sterility.

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Cytoplasmic male sterility, conditioned by some maternally inherited plant mitochondrial genomes, is the most expedient method to produce uniform populations of pollen-sterile plants on a commercial scale. Plant mitochondrial genomes are not currently amenable to genetic transformation, but genetic

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