university students, doctoral students, post-docs and post-graduate students in biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences (N = 200)

The urine will be collected by the volunteers through the common sterile containers and data normalized for creatinine, after control with urine strip (11 parameters). After delivery, the saliva and urinary samples will be frozen and transported to the Center of Food Research and Nutrition (CREA-AN) for subsequent analysis. The composition of the oral microbiota will be evaluated through genomic DNA extraction from a salivary sample and subsequent Next Generation Sequencing analysis of the 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA).

Medication Adherence

An in-depth analysis of the lifestyle of Italian and Spanish university students will be carried out for the first time, with assessment of the frequency of self-medication and use of drugs and supplements/nutraceuticals. The composition of the oral microbiota in relation to eating habits will be determined for the first time. The results of this study will be useful for designing promotion programs for the correct use of drugs/supplements and for healthy diets and lifestyles in university students

Lifestyle counseling

Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-AN)

La Sapienza University

Universidad Catolica San Antonio de Murcia

Lifestyle, Self-medication and Use of Nutraceuticals in a Population of Italian and Spanish Students

Differences in Behaviour Related to Dietary Habit, Self-medication and Nutraceuticals Use Among Italian and Spanish University Students: Relationship With Cardiovascular Risk Factors.

The percentage of subjects who resort to self-medication and the use of drugs will be evaluated on the basis of the data reported in a specific online questionnaire

The use of alcoholic beverages will be evaluated with the questionnaire AUDIT, which will be included in the questionnaire on "voluptuous habits"

The use of energy drinks will be evaluated on the basis of the data reported in a specific online questionnaire

The use of supplements, dietary products and / or other types of nutraceuticals will be evaluated on the basis of the data reported in a specific online questionnaire

The degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (online questionnaire) will be calculated with two different scores: the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) evaluated through the validated 14-item questionnaire of the PREDIMED study and the MEDScore (Score-55) proposed by Panagiotakos with the dedicated software. The latter, unlike the first, includes the consumption of unrefined cereals. We will compare the baseline characteristics of participants according to three categories of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (> or egual to 5, 6-9 and > or egual to 10 points of the 14-item questionnaire). At each question of the 14-item questionnaire will be assigned a score of 0 or 1 on the basis of the answer. Panagiotakos et al. have already proposed a diet score that evaluates adherence to the Mediterranean diet through a large-scale (from 0 to 55).

Measurements of weight (Kg), height (m) (portable mechanical Stadiometer), lean mass and fat mass will be recorded on the data collection form. In particular, the latter will be measured both by means of the OMRON BF-511 body analysis impedance balance and by plicometry. Weight and height will be combined to report BMI in kg/m^2

Blood pressure will be recorded on the data collection form

The clinical metabolic status parameters will be evaluated by: self-diagnosis of capillary blood sampling (cholesterol, triglycerides and glycaemia by means of Multicare IN) and a dedicated ELISA kit for saliva sample insulin, based on saliva quality.

The clinical metabolic status parameter will be evaluated by self-diagnosis of capillary blood sampling (ketones by means of ON Call GK Dual)

The level of physical activity will be evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ, online questionnaire). It covers four domains of physical activity: work-related, transportation, housework/gardening and leisure-time activity. The questionnaire also includes questions about time spent sitting as an indicator of sedentary behaviour. In each of the four domains the number of days per week and time per day spent in both moderate and vigorous activity are recorded. At work, during transportation and in leisure time, walking time is also included. Moderate intensity is defined as 3-6 MET (Metabolic Equivalent Task) and vigorous intensity was defined as >6 MET. One MET is equal to energy expenditure during rest and is approximately equal to 3.5 ml O2 kg^-1 min^-1 in adults.

The frequence of orthorexia nervosa will be evaluated using the ORTO-15 test (online questionnaire).Answers that indicate orthorexia are given a score of "1", while the "healthier" ones have a score of "4". The sum of the scores is the final score of the test. We set a threshold value of 40. Below this cut-off the test is supposed to give a diagnosis of orthorexia.

Outcome Measure will be evaluated by online questionnaires

Other characeristics of interest will be evaluated by online questionnaires

Eating habits will be evaluated by online questionnaires

The composition of the oral microbiota will be evaluated through genomic DNA extraction from a salivary sample and subsequent Next Generation Sequencing analysis of the 16S rDNA.

Salivary IgA levels will be measured with ELISA kit

Salivary IL-6 levels will be measured with ELISA kit

Salivary cortisol levels will be measured with ELISA kit

The study will be articulated both in Italy and in Spain as follows:
2019-2020 phase Italy 2020-2021 phase Spain 2022 end of the study 2019-2022 publications and congresses

Maura Palmery

Associate Professor of Pharmacology

Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia

Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, CREA - AN

inclusion criteria
among patients with mild acute cholecystitis (grade I by Tokyo guidelines) or moderate acute cholecystitis without evidence of gallbladder perforation(grade II)
cholecystitis with a thickness of 4 mm or more on gallbladder in preoperative imaging
Gallbladder with surrounding organs due to gallbladder inflammation
Patients over 19 years of age
First-generation cephalosporin (Cefazolin inj., 1g, Cefazolin sodium, Chong-geun-dang pharm.co.) was used as before and during surgery.

among patients with mild acute cholecystitis (grade I by Tokyo guidelines) or moderate acute cholecystitis without evidence of gallbladder perforation(grade II)
cholecystitis with a thickness of 4 mm or more on gallbladder in preoperative imaging
Gallbladder with surrounding organs due to gallbladder inflammation
Patients over 19 years of age
Sencond-generation cephalosporin (Shincef inj., 750mg, Cefuroxime sodium, Shin-poong pharm.co.) was used as before and during surgery.

Cholecystitis, Acute

Method of operation
Surgery was started under general anesthesia
A trocar of 10 mm was placed on the navel, 5 mm under the blade, and 5 mm trocar was placed on the right upper abdomen.
Pneumoperitoneum was performed using CO2 gas in the abdominal cavity.
Dissection started from Calot's triangle and the operation was performed by retrograde cholecystectomy.
The excised gallbladder was placed in a laparoscopic pocket and extracted through the umbilicus.
The trocar was removed and the skin was sutured
On the 1st day after surgery, hematology, blood chemistry, urine, blood clotting, and chest x-rays were performed. (Inspection and treatment were performed according to the current clinical pathway of gallbladder surgery)

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Department of HBP Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's hospital

Empirical Antibiotics in Acute Inflammatory Gallbladder Disease

Results of Surgical Management According to the Type of Empirical Antibiotics in Acute Inflammatory Gallbladder Disease; a Randomized Controlled Trial

Incidence of infectious postoperative complications in patients who underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to grade I Tokyo guidelines for acute cholecystitis or grade II Tokyo guidelines for acute cholecystitis except the evidence of gallbladder perforation, with the first-generation cephalosporin and the second-generation cephalosporin.

The duration between the operation day and the day of discharge

Taeho Hong

Professor

Seoul St. Mary's Hospital

This blend contains Ginko at 120 mg/day and Cistanche at 300 mg/day

This blend contains Ginko at 180 mg/day and Cistanche at 450 mg/day

Mental Fatigue

Fatigue

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Experimental: Nutrilite® Low dose

Experimental: Nutrilite® High dose

Placebo Comparator: Placebo

Effect of Ginko and Cistanche Against Fatigue Symptoms

A 60-Day Clinical Study to Evaluate Nutrilite Ginko Biloba Cistanche Tablets in Relieving the Symptoms of Chronic Fatigue Syndromes Compared to Negative Control

Access Business Group

Sinphar Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd

SPRIM China (Shanghai) Consulting Co., LTD.

Fudan University

Sardinian Women with diagnosis of endometriosis

Polymorphism (Genetics)

Endometriosis

Research of frequency of SNPs (WNT4, VEZT, FSHB and SIRT1 genes) in Sardinian women affected by endometriosis and controls

ketone/karies

Lifestyle, Self-medication and Use of Nutraceuticals in a Population of Italian and Spanish Students

Empirical Antibiotics in Acute Inflammatory Gallbladder Disease

Effect of Ginko and Cistanche Against Fatigue Symptoms

Influence of WNT4 VEZT FSHB and SIRT1 SNPs in Endometriosis: a Case Control Study of the Sardinian Population

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