COVID-19

4:1 ratio enteral ketogenic formula within 48 hours of intubation

Ketogenic diet

standard of care

Severe Outcomes Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) — United States, February 12-March 16, 2020

Keto-diet for Intubated Critical Care COVID-19

Keto-diet for Intubated Critical Care COVID-19 (KICC-COVID19)

PaCO2 is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide Units: millimeters of mercury

Minute ventilation is the product of respiratory rate and tidal volume. Units: Liter per minute

Respiratory system compliance measures the extent to which the lungs will expand.
In a ventilated patient, compliance can be measured by dividing the delivered tidal volume by the [plateau pressure minus the total peep]. Units: liter/centimeter of water

Driving pressure is a measure of the strain applied to the respiratory system and the risk of ventilator-induced lung injuries Driving pressure = Plateau pressure - Total Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) Units: centimeter of water

Ventilator synchrony is the match between the patient's neural inspiratory time and the ventilator insufflation time

Mean arterial pressure is the average pressure in a patient's arteries during one cardiac cycle. Mean arterial pressure = diastolic blood pressure +[1/3(systolic blood pressure - diastolic blood pressure)] Units: millimeter of mercury

FiO2: Fraction of Inspired Oxygen Percentage of oxygen in the air mixture that is delivered to the patient.
Units: %

PaO2/FiO2 ratio is the ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) to fractional inspired oxygen.
Units: millimeter of mercury

pH measures hydrogen ion activity. It is a conventional part of every arterial blood gas determination pH: no units.

Bicarbonate is a conventional part of every arterial blood gas determination Units: milliequivalents/Liter

Red blood cell count measure anemia or hypoglycemia. Units: cells per liter

White blood cell count evaluates leukopenia or leukocytosis. Units: cells/liter

White cell differential shows the amount of neutrophils, lymphocytes, basophils, eosinophils and may give some clue of the type of infection. Units: %

Hemoglobin is an indirect way to measure red blood cells. Units: gram/deciliter

Hematocrit measures the volume percentage of red blood cells in blood. Units: %

Mean cell volume is a measure of the average volume of a red blood corpuscle. Units: femtoliters

Mean cell hemoglobin is the average mass of hemoglobin per red blood cell in a sample of blood. Units: picograms

Mean cell hemoglobin concentration is the average concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of blood. Units: %

Platelet count measures the number of platelets in the blood and determines thrombocytopenia or thrombocytosis. Units: platelets/liter

Red cell distribution width is a measure of the range of variation of red blood cell volume. Units: no units

Liver function test Units: gram/deciliter

Liver function test Units: international units/liter

Liver function test Units: international units/liters

Kidney function test Units: milligram/deciliter

Kidney function test Units: millimole/liter

Kidney function test Units: gram/deciliter

If the patient needs mechanical ventilation for a second time, this information will be collected.

Time from intensive care unit admission until death or transfer to hospital bed.

Time from hospital admission to discharge from the hospital. This information will be collected.

Once the patient feels better and can leave the hospital, he/she will be discharged. The place of discharge (e.g. home, rehab facility, nursing home, etc), time and date will be collected.

Heart rate: is the number of times a person's heart beats per minute

Glucose: sugar in blood. Units: millimole/liter

Glucagon: hormone release by pancreas that increase concentration of glucose in blood. Units: nanogram/liter

Free fatty acids are fatty acids that are produced from triglycerides and are measure in blood.

Hormone that regulates glucose. Units: insulin units/liter

Leptin helps regulate and alter long-term food intake and energy expenditure. Units: nanogram/deciliter

C-reactive protein is a protein made by the liver that measures inflammation (e.g. pancreatitis). Units: microgram/milliliter

Cytokines are signaling molecules that measure inflammation.

Ferritin stores iron inside of cells. Units: nanogram/milliliter

Johns Hopkins University

This is a single-center, open-label, clinical trial designed to determine whether a ketogenic diet improves gas exchange and reduces ventilator requirements in patients with coronavirus disease intubated for respiratory failure. The study team will prospectively enroll 15 intubated patients with COVID-19 infection and administer a 4:1 ratio enteral ketogenic formula within 48 hours of intubation. This study will compare outcomes to a retrospective cohort of intubated patients with COVID-19 who did not receive ketogenic diet. As other clinical trials begin, co-administration of other therapies as well as standard care treatments will be recorded. In addition, the study will compare clinical outcomes with patients receiving exclusively standard clinical care.

Patients with skull defects after craniotomy for example tumor resection, head trauma, stroke which need a Patient Specific Implant.

Stroke

Head Trauma

Patient Specific Implant

Dep. of Neurosurgery, Bern University Hospital

Computer Based Algorithm for Patient Specific Implants for Cranioplasty in Patients With Skull Defects

Computer Based Algorithm for Patient Specific Implants for Cranioplasty in Patients With Skull Defects: a Prospective Clinical Trial

University Hospital Inselspital, Berne

Group case: modified ketogenic diet to reduce at least 20% saturated fat, up> 50% of the acid supply monounsaturated, increasing> 50% polyunsaturated fatty acid content and a lower ratio w6 / w3 at least 50% compared to classic diet used by the control group

Epilepsy

Cardiovascular Disease

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Quality of Life

ketogenic diet

Nagila Raquel Teixeira Damasceno

Impact of Ketogenic Diet on Lipoproteins in Refractory Epilepsy

Classic Ketogenic Diet and Modified: Evaluation of the Therapeutic Potential and Impact on the Oxidative Profile, Lipidomic, Inflammatory and Size of Lipoproteins in Children and Adolescents With Refractory Epilepsy

age, income, disease, parent´s education, use of drugs and supplements, type of seizures, questions about quality of life

phase angle mass by impedance bioeletrical

Food record applied during 3 days to each time

Concentration of B-hydroxybutirate in plasma. Determination with kit Ranbut (Randox Laboratories Limited, Reino Unido).

Concentration in plasma. Determination with kit NEFAS(Randox Laboratories Limited, Reino Unido)

ketone/nekros

Keto-diet for Intubated Critical Care COVID-19

Computer Based Algorithm for Patient Specific Implants for Cranioplasty in Patients With Skull Defects

Impact of Ketogenic Diet on Lipoproteins in Refractory Epilepsy

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