leishmaniasis/phosphatase

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Lactate dehydrogenase (LD), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isoenzymatic patterns in Iraqi children with visceral leishmaniasis before and after treatment with stibogluconate.

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The mean levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase enzymes exhibited a significant elevation in visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients compared to the control. There was no significant change in relation to the sex and age. ALP isoenzymes revealed three banding patterns which differ

MAPK-directed phosphatases preferentially regulate pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in experimental visceral leishmaniasis: involvement of distinct protein kinase C isoforms.

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The role of phosphatases in the impairment of MAPK signaling, which is directly responsible for Leishmania-induced macrophage dysfunction, is still poorly understood. Gene expression profiling revealed that Leishmania donovani infection markedly up-regulated the expression of three phosphatases:

[Enzymes of the peripheral blood leukocytes from the vertebrate host in an experimental Leishmania infection. 1. Neutrophil acid phosphatase].

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The results of cytochemical identification of acid phosphatase in the neutrophils of mice, guinea pigs and golden hamsters inoculated with leishmanial promastigotes of different species and virulence and also of people vaccinated against zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis are presented. The reversible

Curative effect of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid in experimental visceral leishmaniasis depends on phosphatase-dependent modulation of cellular MAP kinases.

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We earlier showed that 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GRA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid from licorice root, could completely cure visceral leishmaniasis in BALB/c mouse model. This was associated with induction of nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokine production through the up regulation of NF-κB. In

Function of Macrophage and Parasite Phosphatases in Leishmaniasis.

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The kinetoplastid protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Leishmania are the causative agents of different clinical forms of leishmaniasis, a vector-borne infectious disease with worldwide prevalence. The protective host immune response against Leishmania parasites relies on myeloid cells such as

Modulation of interferon-gamma-induced macrophage activation by phosphotyrosine phosphatases inhibition. Effect on murine Leishmaniasis progression.

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Phagocyte functions are markedly inhibited after infection with the intracellular protozoan parasite Leishmania. This situation strongly favors the installation and propagation of this pathogen within its mammalian host. Previous findings by us and others have established that alteration of several

Lymph node cells from BALB/c mice with chronic visceral leishmaniasis exhibiting cellular anergy and apoptosis: involvement of Ser/Thr phosphatase.

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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) produced in BALB/c mice through intracardial administration of Leishmania donovani amastigotes was accompanied by hepatosplenomegaly with high organ parasite load and lymphadenopathy when followed up to 4-months or so. To elucidate the mechanism of immunosuppression

Uncoupling protein 2 negatively regulates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and induces phosphatase-mediated anti-inflammatory response in experimental visceral leishmaniasis.

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To reside and multiply successfully within the host macrophages, Leishmania parasites impair the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are a major host defense mechanism against any invading pathogen. Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins are associated with mitochondrial ROS generation,

Mycobacterium indicus pranii (Mw)-mediated protection against visceral leishmaniasis by reciprocal regulation of host dual-specificity phosphatases.

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Leishmania donovani resides within the host macrophages by dampening host defence mechanisms and thereby it modulates the host cell functions for its survival. Multiple host cell factors compete during the interplay between the host and the parasite. Roles for dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs)

Immunomodulation of dual specificity phosphatase 4 during visceral leishmaniasis.

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DUSP4, an inducible protein has a substrate specificity toward ERK1/2, a component of MAP kinase which is enhanced during Leishmania infection. The DUSP4-/- mice show increased susceptibility towards the infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii and Leishmania mexicana. These observations emphatically

Role of host phosphotyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 in the development of murine leishmaniasis.

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Activation of host phosphotyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 by Leishmania and its subsequent impact on tyrosine phosphorylation-based signaling cascades were shown to represent an important mechanism whereby this pathogen may alter host cell functions. Herein, we report that Leishmania-induced macrophage

Targeting of mannosylated liposome incorporated benzyl derivative of Penicillium nigricans derived compound MT81 to reticuloendothelial systems for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis.

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The antileishmanial property of a Benzyl derivative of a new antibiotic MT81 (Bz2MT81), isolated and purified from a fungal strain of Penicillium nigricans NRRL 917 was tested in free, liposome intercalated and mannose coated liposome intercalated forms in vivo against visceral leishmaniasis in

HIV-1 replication is stimulated by sodium stibogluconate, the therapeutic mainstay in the treatment of leishmaniasis.

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Leishmaniasis is an important opportunistic disease among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1. The pentavalent antimony compound sodium stibogluconate is a drug of choice for the treatment of leishmaniasis. Because sodium stibogluconate acts as an inhibitor of phosphotyrosyl

Phlebotomus papatasi saliva inhibits protein phosphatase activity and nitric oxide production by murine macrophages.

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Leishmania parasites, transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies, are obligate intracellular parasites of macrophages. The sand fly Phlebotomus papatasi is the vector of Leishmania major, a causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Old World, and its saliva exacerbates parasite proliferation and

Evidence That Speciation of Oxovanadium Complexes Does Not Solely Account for Inhibition of Leishmania Acid Phosphatases.

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Leishmaniasis is an endemic disease affecting a diverse spectra of populations, with 1.6 million new cases reported each year. Current treatment options are costly and have harsh side effects. New therapeutic options that have been previously identified, but still underappreciated as potential

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