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Arabidopsis thaliana plants were transformed with GFP-MBD (J. Marc et al., Plant Cell 10: 1927-1939, 1998) under the control of a constitutive (35S) or copper-inducible promoter. GFP-specific fluorescence distributions, levels, and persistence were determined and found to vary with age, tissue type,
Cytosine methylation at symmetrical CpG and CpNpG sequences plays a key role in the epigenetic control of plant growth and development; yet, the way by which the methylation signal is interpreted into a functional state has not been elucidated. In animals, the methylation signal is recognized by
Recent results in animals and plants have shown a strong link between DNA methylation, chromatin structure and epigenetic control. In plants DNA methylation affects both symmetric and asymmetric cytosines by means of different DNA-methyltransferases. In vertebrates these modifications are
The Arabidopsis thaliana accession C24 is a vernalization-responsive, moderately late flowering ecotype. We report that a mutation in AtMBD8, which encodes a protein with a putative Methyl-CpG-Binding Domain (MBD), in C24 background, results in a delay in flowering time during both long and short
Arabidopsis thaliana HMA2 is a Zn2+ transporting P1B-type ATPase required for maintaining plant metal homeostasis. HMA2 and all eukaryote Zn2+-ATPases have unique conserved N- and C-terminal sequences that differentiate them from other P1B-type ATPases. Homology modeling and structural comparison by
Methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD) proteins have diverse molecular and biological functions in plants. Most studies of MBD proteins in plants have focused on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana L. Here we cloned SvMBD5 from the willow Salix viminalis L. by reverse
OBJECTIVE
Methyl CpG-binding proteins are considered to play critical roles in epigenetic control of gene expression by recognizing and interacting with 5-methylcytosine (m(5)C) in eukaryotes. However, among 13 corresponding genes in Arabidopsis thaliana, designated as featuring a methyl-binding
HMA2, HMA4, and HMA7 are three of the eight heavy metal transporting P(1B)-type ATPases in the simple plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The first two transport Zn(2+), and the third transports Cu(+). Each protein contains soluble N-terminal metal-binding domains (MBDs) that are essential for metal
CopA, a thermophilic ATPase from Archaeoglobus fulgidus, drives the outward movement of Cu(+) across the cell membrane. Millimolar concentration of Cys dramatically increases ( congruent with 800%) the activity of CopA and other P(IB)-type ATPases (Escherichia coli ZntA and Arabidopsis thaliana
DNA methylation, mediated by double-stranded RNA, is a conserved epigenetic phenomenon that protects a genome from transposons, silences unwanted genes and has a paramount function in plant or animal development. Methyl CpG binding domain proteins are members of a class of proteins that bind to
Epigenetic regulation is essential to various biological phenomena such as cell differentiation and cancer. DNA methylation is one of the most important epigenetic signals, as it is directly involved in gene silencing of transposable elements, genomic imprinting, and chromosome X inactivation. To
Methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD) proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana bind in vitro methylated CpG sites. Here, we aimed to characterize the binding properties of AtMBDs to chromatin in Arabidopsis nuclei. By expressing in wild-type cells AtMBDs fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP), we showed that
Epigenetic gene silencing suppresses transposon activity and is critical for normal development . Two common epigenetic gene-silencing marks are DNA methylation and histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2). In Arabidopsis thaliana, H3K9me2, catalyzed by the methyltransferase KRYPTONITE
HMA2 is a Zn2+-ATPase from Arabidopsis thaliana. It contributes to the maintenance of metal homeostasis in cells by driving Zn2+ efflux. Distinct from P1B-type ATPases, plant Zn2+-ATPases have long C-terminal sequences rich in Cys and His. Removal of the 244 amino acid C terminus of HMA2 leads to a
UNASSIGNED
Cysteine in the N-terminal metal-binding domain (N-MBD) of TaHMA2 participates in Zn2+/Cd2+ binding and translocation in Arabidopsis. Wheat heavy metal ATPase 2 (TaHMA2) can transport Zn2+ and Cd2+ across membranes. A previous study showed that cysteine (Cys) and glutamate residues in the