neuroendocrine tumors/protease

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Serine protease inhibitor 8 is a novel immunohistochemical marker for neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas.

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OBJECTIVE The intracellular serine protease inhibitor 8 (SERPINB8) is expressed by squamous epithelium, monocytes, and a subset of neuroendocrine cells. Using immunohistochemistry, we now have further investigated the expression of SERPINB8 in normal neuroendocrine cells and its potential use as a

A phase I trial of the HIV protease inhibitor nelfinavir in adults with solid tumors.

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Nelfinavir is an HIV protease inhibitor being repurposed as an anti-cancer agent in preclinical models and in small oncology trials, yet the MTD of nelfinavir has not been determined. Therefore, we conducted a Phase Ia study to establish the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose limiting toxicities

Combined deletion of cathepsin protease family members reveals compensatory mechanisms in cancer.

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Proteases are important for regulating multiple tumorigenic processes, including angiogenesis, tumor growth, and invasion. Elevated protease expression is associated with poor patient prognosis across numerous tumor types. Several multigene protease families have been implicated in cancer, including

Lung neuroendocrine tumors: correlation of ubiquitinylation and sumoylation with nucleo-cytosolic partitioning of PTEN.

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BACKGROUND The tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a pleiotropic enzyme, inhibiting phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PI3K) signaling in the cytosol and stabilizing the genome in the nucleus. Nucleo-cytosolic partitioning is dependent on the post-translational modifications

The glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor: a novel target for neuroendocrine tumor imaging—first preclinical studies.

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A new family of peptide receptors, the incretin receptor family, overexpressed on many neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is of great importance because it may enable the in vivo peptide-based receptor targeting of a category of NETs that does not express the somatostatin receptor. Impressive in vivo

Stapling of the botulinum type A protease to growth factors and neuropeptides allows selective targeting of neuroendocrine cells.

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Precise cellular targeting of macromolecular cargos has important biotechnological and medical implications. Using a recently established 'protein stapling' method, we linked the proteolytic domain of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) to a selection of ligands to target neuroendocrine tumor

A panel of 11 region-specific radioimmunoassays for measurements of human chromogranin A.

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BACKGROUND The primary structure of human chromogranin A (CgA) not only contains 10 pairs of basic amino acids, which are potential cleavage sites for specific endogenous proteases, but also other sites in the molecule can be subjected to cleavage. Several CgA-related peptides have been identified

A panel of 13 region-specific radioimmunoassays for measurements of human chromogranin B.

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BACKGROUND The primary structure of human chromogranin B (CgB) contains 15 pairs of basic amino acids, which are potential cleavage sites for specific endogenous proteases, but also other sites in the molecule can be subjected to cleavage. Several CgB-related peptides have been identified in tissue

The role of the epidermal growth factor-like protein dlk in cell differentiation.

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This review focuses on the current knowledge about the function of the EGF-like homeotic protein dlk. dlk is a transmembrane protein that possesses six Epidermal Growth Factor-like sequences at the extracellular domain, a single transmembrane domain and a short intracellular tail. Because of its

Differential expression of genes encoding proteins of the HGF/MET system in insulinomas.

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BACKGROUND Insulinomas are the most common functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, whereas histopathological features do not predict their biological behaviour. In an attempt to better understand the molecular processes involved in the tumorigenesis of islet beta cells, the present study

Expression of c-ets-1, collagenase 1, and urokinase-type plasminogen activator genes in lung carcinomas.

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The c-ets-1 transcription factor has been involved in the in vitro transactivation of matrix-degrading protease genes that might play an important role in tumor invasion. Using in situ hybridization, we analyzed serial frozen sections for c-ets-1, collagenase 1, and urokinase-type plasminogen

Differential Impact of Cysteine Cathepsins on Genetic Mouse Models of De novo Carcinogenesis: Cathepsin B as Emerging Therapeutic Target.

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Lysosomal cysteine cathepsins belong to a family of 11 human proteolytic enzymes. Some of them correlate with progression in a variety of cancers and therefore are considered as potential therapeutic targets. Until recently, the contribution of individual cathepsins to tumorigenesis and tumor

Distinct functions of macrophage-derived and cancer cell-derived cathepsin Z combine to promote tumor malignancy via interactions with the extracellular matrix.

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During the process of tumor progression, cancer cells can produce the requisite growth- and invasion-promoting factors and can also rely on noncancerous cells in the tumor microenvironment as an alternative, cell-extrinsic source. However, whether the cellular source influences the function of such

Octreotide Conjugates for Tumor Targeting and Imaging.

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Tumor targeting has emerged as an advantageous approach to improving the efficacy and safety of cytotoxic agents or radiolabeled ligands that do not preferentially accumulate in the tumor tissue. The somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) belong to the G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily and they are

Utility of microwave-citrate antigen retrieval in diagnostic immunohistochemistry.

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Microwave heating of formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections in citrate buffer (MHC) has been shown recently to enhance the antigenicity of a number of formalin-sensitive epitopes. To assess the practical utility of this technique in diagnostic immunohistochemistry, we evaluated the effect

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