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Sex-related and tissue-specific effects of tobacco smoking on brain atrophy: assessment in a large longitudinal cohort of healthy elderly.

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We investigated the cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of tobacco smoking on brain atrophy in a large cohort of healthy elderly participants (65-80 years). MRI was used for measuring whole brain (WB), gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), and hippocampus (HIP) volumes at study entry time

Bone biomechanical property deterioration due to tobacco smoke exposure.

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Tobacco smoking has been implicated in the development of osteoporosis and early onset of menopause in women smokers. We measured various biomechanical properties of femurs and tibiae obtained from smoke-exposed and control mice to determine cigarette smoke influences on bone mass, structure, and

Memory deterioration based on the tobacco smoke exposure and methylazoxymethanol acetate administration vs. aripiprazole, olanzapine and enrichment environment conditions.

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Enrichment environment conditions, as well as tobacco smoke exposure, may affect cognitive function (e.g. spatial memory) in an animal model of schizophrenia and schizophrenic patients. The aim of this study was to find whether spatial memory function impairment is found in methylazoxymethanol

Differential responses of tobacco to the citrus variegated chlorosis and coffee stem atrophy strains of Xylella fastidiosa.

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Xylella fastidiosa comprises a diverse group of xylem-limited, insect-transmitted bacterial pathogens. In Brazil, the citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) and coffee stem atrophy (CSA) diseases are caused by X. fastidiosa subspecies pauca transmitted by common insect vectors. No

Smokeless nicotine administration does not result in hypertension or a deterioration in glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity in juvenile rats.

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We have previously reported that smokeless nicotine resulted in hypertension, but not a deterioration in glucose tolerance or insulin action in young adult male rats. To evaluate the effect of nicotine in juvenile animals, we studied 6-week-old male and female Sprague-Dawley rats and implanted 25-mg

Tobacco-induced neuronal degeneration via cotinine in rats subjected to experimental spinal cord injury.

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OBJECTIVE Cigarette smoke contains over 4000 chemicals including well-characterized toxicants and carcinogens, among which is cotinine. Cotinine is the principal metabolite of nicotine that has adverse affects on the microcirculation via vasoconstriction, hypoxia and the wound-healing cascade. Its

The effect of nicotine on anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in a mouse model of neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

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OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to evaluate the effect of nicotine on anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. METHODS One group of mice received nicotine in drinking water and the other group received water only.

Anther-specific expression of mutated melon ethylene receptor gene Cm-ERS1/H70A affected tapetum degeneration and pollen grain production in transgenic tobacco plants.

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To develop a new system for inducible male sterility without any modification of the floral architecture in tobacco plants, a mutated ethylene receptor gene Cm-ERS1/H70A was fused either to the tobacco Nin88 promoter known to function mainly in the tapetum and microspore or to the CaMV 35S promoter

Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of the effects of cigarette and maras powder (smokeless tobacco) on lumbar disc degeneration.

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The main aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effects of the use of Maras powder and cigarettes on lumbar disc degeneration.This study included 87 adult patients who presented at our hospital with a complaint of mechanical low back pain and

[Bilateral visual deterioration in excessive tobacco and alcohol consumption].

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A 33-year-old patient with a history of excessive alcohol and tobacco abuse for years presented with bilateral painless deterioration of vision in the last 3 months. Examination revealed the initial phase of bilateral optic nerve atrophy. In cases like this a purely clinical discrimination between

Smokeless nicotine administration is associated with hypertension but not with a deterioration in glucose tolerance in rats.

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Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease. To further investigate the relationship of nicotine with other cardiac risk factors, we studied the impact of nicotine on blood pressure and glucose tolerance. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to receive

Tobacco intolerance in multiple system atrophy.

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In a patient with multiple system atrophy, the ataxia was temporarily exacerbated by cigarette smoking. The phenomenon is attributed to a direct effect of nicotine on the central nervous system, rather than being secondary to autonomic changes. Its prevalence and specificity are currently unknown.

[The effects of nicotine on a patient with spinocerebellar degeneration whose symptoms temporarily exacerbated by cigarette smoking].

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The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the influences of nicotine on a patient with spinocerebellar degeneration whose symptoms temporarily exacerbated by cigarette smoking. We have examined the influences of nicotine gum on cerebellar ataxia. Limb ataxia, dysarthria and truncal

Nicotine-induced hypoxia in rat urothelium deteriorates bladder storage functions.

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To measure the effects of nicotine on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), bladder blood flow, and the urothelial markers hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), uroplakin III (UPIII), and aquaporin 3 (AQP3).Ten-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were

Nicotine effects on rat seizures susceptibility and hippocampal neuronal degeneration.

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OBJECTIVE Nicotine is a widely used drug of abuse exerting number of effects on the central nervous system. The study was aimed at the effects of nicotine in various doses on the excitability of cerebral cortex and - by using the methods of histochemistry - to identify possible signs of neuronal

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