Male smokers met the inclusion criteria below will be invited to fill in the questionnaires set, part of them will be invited to attend a semi-structured interview(optional).
be aged 18 or above,
have a history of smoking at least one cigarette per day before their partners became pregnant,
be involved with partners whose pregnancies could be confirmed,
able to read Chinese and communicate in the Mandarin dialect.

Smoking Cessation

the participant eligibility is based on both biological and self-representation of gender identity, smokers who is male biologically and also reported as a male will be eligible in this study.

Participants will be asked to respond to the demographic information sheet, Smoking characteristics sheet, the Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence, the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) variables, Smoking Self-efficacy Questionnaire (SEQ-12), Family Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve (Family APGAR), and a smoking hazard questionnaire.

Questionnaires set

The University of Hong Kong

Factors Related to the Intention to Quit Among Male Smokers During Their Wives Pregnancy

Factors Associated With Quit Intention Among Male Smokers Whose Partner Got Pregnant: An Exploration Study

The level of intention to quit of smoking among male smokers who planning to have a baby with their partners will be measured by b) The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) variables. The Stage of TTM will be assessed by asking the intention of quitting smoking in the past 6 months with the 6-items, which are Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Maintenance, and Termination

Self-efficacy of participants against tobacco will be assessed by using by the SEQ-12. The SEQ-12 is categorized into two subscales, namely internal stimuli (6 items) and external stimuli (6 items), with total possible scores ranging from 6 to 30 for both internal stimuli and external stimuli. Higher scores of the SEQ-12 on both subscales indicate greater self-efficacy to refrain from smoking.

The self-awareness of the hazard of smoking among the participants will be measured by a self-designed smoking hazard questionnaire list. The smoking hazard questionnaire lists 14 hazard of smoking and SHS to the pregnant, fetus, health, income, social activity, and so on. Participants responded to each items using a -10 to 10 rating scale ranging from -10 (most negative influence) to 10 (most positive influence).

The family support for smoking cessation will be assessed by using the Family APGAR. The Family APGAR is a 5-item measure of perceived family support [71]. Participants responded to each item using a 5-point rating scale ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (always). The standard scoring for the FAPGAR interprets high scores (7-10) as indicating a satisfactory support from family and low scores (0-3) indicating severe dysfunctionality support from the family members.

The level of nicotine dependence of the participants will be measured by the Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND) scale. The FTND is a standard instrument for assessing the intensity of physical addiction to nicotine.The test was designed to provide an ordinal measure of nicotine dependence related to cigarette smoking. It contains six items that evaluate the quantity of cigarette consumption, the compulsion to use, and dependence. In scoring the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, yes/no items are scored from 0 to 1 and multiple-choice items are scored from 0 to 3. The items are summed to yield a total score of 0-10. The higher the total Fagerstrom score, the more intense is the patient's physical dependence on nicotine.

Video+one-sentence smoking cessation advice +general smoking cessation leaflet will be allocated to the participants in the experimental group. The videos which presented the health effects of smoking, especially emphasizing the importance of smoking cessation on the fetal and pregnancy, will be sent in sequence through the smart phone to the participants in the experimental group.

Text-message+one-sentence smoking cessation advice +general smoking cessation leaflet will be allocated to the participants in the experimental group. Text-message contains the same content with videos and will be sent in the same frequency with the videos through the smart phone to the participants in the Conditional control group.

Participants in the control group will be given a one-sentence smoking cessation advice during the baseline assessment. A leaflet showed the information related to the smoking cessation will be allocated to them at the same time.

The videos presented the health effects of smoking, especially emphasizing the importance of smoking cessation on pregnant women, fetuses, and newborns.

Video+brief smoking cessation+pamphlet

The text -message contains the same content with the videos

Text-message+brief smoking cessation+pamphlet

The pamphlet showed the general information related to the smoking cessation, the brief smoking cessation only contains a sentence like "You'd better quit smoking."

brief smoking cessation+pamphlet

A Video-led Smoking Cessation Intervention in Helping Male Smokers Whose Partners Got Pregnant to Quit Smoking

The Effectiveness of a Video-led Smoking Cessation Intervention in Helping Male Smokers in Mainland China Whose Partner Got Pregnant to Quit Smoking: A Randomized Control Trial

The biochemically validated smoking abstinence was confirmed by an exhaled carbon monoxide level < 4 parts per million (p.p.m.)

Subjects report that they had not smoked within the recent 7 days.

The readiness to quit is divided into pre-contemplation stage (attempt to quit more that 30 days later), contemplation stage (attempt to quit within 30 days but more than 7 days), preparation stage (attempt to quit within 7 days), and action stage (quitting)

whole blood, serum, white cells, red blood cells, urine, breast milk, meconium

Exposure to Environmental Pollution

Rambam Medical Center

Lis Medical Center

Assaf Harofeh Medical Center

Impact of Exposure to Environmental Pollutants on Birth Outcomes in an Israeli Cohort

assessment of BFRs and phthalates body burdens through measurement of these chemicals in maternal and paternal serum and urine, cord blood, breastmilk and neonatal meconium among several representative sub-populations

To examine associations between exposure to PBDEs and phthalates and (a) pregnancy complications, (b) anthropometrics at birth (i.e. birth weight adjusted for gestational age, ponderal index, head circumference adjusted for gestational age), and (c) cryptorchidism incidence, (d) maternal and infant thyroid function

To establish a bio repository of these media for future studies and to establish follow up methods for this cohort to later assess development and growth in the infants, toddlers and children

oligospermia/nikotin

Factors Related to the Intention to Quit Among Male Smokers During Their Wives Pregnancy

A Video-led Smoking Cessation Intervention in Helping Male Smokers Whose Partners Got Pregnant to Quit Smoking

Impact of Exposure to Environmental Pollutants on Birth Outcomes in an Israeli Cohort

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