papillon-lefevre disease/skopolamin

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A computer-automated touchscreen paired-associates learning (PAL) task for mice: impairments following administration of scopolamine or dicyclomine and improvements following donepezil.

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BACKGROUND Performance on the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery touchscreen paired-associates learning (PAL) test is predictive of Alzheimer's disease and impaired in schizophrenia and chronic drug users. An automated computer touchscreen PAL task for rats has been previously

N-palmitoyl serotonin alleviates scopolamine-induced memory impairment via regulation of cholinergic and antioxidant systems, and expression of BDNF and p-CREB in mice.

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N-Palmitoyl-5-hydroxytryptamines (Pal-5HT), a cannabinoid, has recently been reported to express anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory actions in RBL-2H3 cells, and ameliorate glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in HT-22 cells. In this study, we examined the effect of Pal-5HT on deficits of learning and

Ameliorative effect of rosmarinic acid on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in rats.

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Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural phenol that exerts different biological activities, such as antioxidant activity and neuroprotective effects. In this study, we hypothesized that administration of RA (8, 16, and 32 mg/kg, p.o.) for 7 days would effect on scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction as

Central anticholinergic hypersensitivity in aging.

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Although neurochemical reductions in cholinergic systems have been found to occur during aging, such changes do not necessarily translate to functional deficits. The cognitive deficits of normal aging have been attributed in part to hypocholinergic function, but anticholinergic hypersensitivity in

Medial prefrontal cortex and precision of temporal discrimination: a lesion, microinjection, and microdialysis study.

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In this paper, we examined the role of the medial prefrontal cortex in temporal discrimination in three experiments using rats. Experiment 1 attempted to dissociate the roles of the medial precentral (PrCm) area from the prelimbic and infralimbic (PL-IL) area in temporal discrimination using

Call it a "nightshade"-A hierarchical classification approach to identification of hallucinogenic Solanaceae spp. using DART-HRMS-derived chemical signatures.

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Plants that produce atropine and scopolamine fall under several genera within the nightshade family. Both atropine and scopolamine are used clinically, but they are also important in a forensics context because they are abused recreationally for their psychoactive properties. The accurate species

Differential effects of muscarinic receptor blockade in prelimbic cortex on acquisition and memory formation of an odor-reward task.

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The present experiments determined the consequences of blocking muscarinic cholinergic receptors of the prelimbic (PL) cortex in the acquisition and retention of an odor-reward associative task. Rats underwent a training test (five trials) and a 24-h retention test (two retention trials and two

The M1 Muscarinic Positive Allosteric Modulator PQCA Improves Performance on Translatable Tests of Memory and Attention in Rhesus Monkeys.

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Improved treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD) is a significant unmet medical need that is becoming even more critical given the rise in the number of patients and the substantial economic burden. The current standards of care, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs), are hindered by gastrointestinal

Probing the Role of Melanocortin Type 1 Receptor Agonists in Diverse Immunological Diseases.

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Background: The melanocortin α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), an endogenous peptide with high affinity for the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1r), has demonstrated prevention and reversal of intestinal and ocular inflammation in animal models. Preclinical studies were performed to

Activity in prelimbic cortex is required for adjusting the anxiety response level during the elevated plus-maze retest.

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The prelimbic (PL) subregion of medial prefrontal cortex has been implicated in anxiety regulation. It is unknown, however, whether PL cortex also serves to fine-tuning the level of anxiety-related behavior exhibited on the next exposure to the same potentially threatening situation. To address

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