physostigmine/nekros

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Modulation of immune functions in polymorphonuclear neutrophils induced by physostigmine, but not neostigmine, independent of cholinergic neurons.

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BACKGROUND Cholinesterase inhibitors (Ch-I) improve survival in experimental sepsis consistent with activation of the cholinergic-anti-inflammatory-pathway. So far, less is known about whether Ch-I have a direct immunomodulatory effect on immune cells (polymorphonuclear neutrophils, PMN) in the

The reversible carbamate, (-)physostigmine, reduces the size of synaptic end plate lesions induced by sarin, an irreversible organophosphate.

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Pretreatment of rats with atropine and the reversible esterase inhibitor physostigmine [-)PHY), prior to injection of a lethal dose of the irreversible organophosphate sarin (0.13 mg/kg), protects 100% of the animals from lethality. We have used quantitative light and qualitative electron microscopy

Enantiomer (+)physostigmine prevents organophosphate-induced subjunctional damage at the neuromuscular synapse by a mechanism not related to cholinesterase carbamylation.

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The natural alkaloid (-)PHY is a reversible anticholinesterase carbamate, but in contrast, its optical isomer (+)PHY, is a very weak anticholinesterase. We have shown that treatment of rats with atropine and (-)PHY prior to injections of a lethal dose of the irreversible organophosphate sarin (0.13

Prophylactic potential of memantine against soman poisoning in rats.

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Carbamates physostigmine and pyridostigmine have been used as a pretreatment against poisoning with nerve agents in order to reversibly inhibit and thus protect from irreversible inhibition a portion of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in brain and respiratory muscles that is crucial for

[Anti-inflammatory effect of acetylcholine on lipopolysaccharide induced inflammatory response of alveolar macrophages].

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OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of acetylcholine (ACh) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammatory model of rat alveolar macrophages, and to observe the effect of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine (Phy) on the anti-inflammatory effect of ACh. METHODS The rat alveolar macrophages

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors attenuate atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice.

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OBJECTIVE Donepezil, a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, improves cognitive function of Alzheimer's disease. Stimulation of cholinergic system was reported to improve long-term survival of rats with chronic heart failure and to attenuate inflammatory response in mice with

Corticosterone primes the neuroinflammatory response to Gulf War Illness-relevant organophosphates independently of acetylcholinesterase inhibition.

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Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic multi-symptom disorder affecting veterans of the 1991 Gulf War. Among the symptoms of GWI are those associated with sickness behavior, observations suggestive of underlying neuroinflammation. We have shown that exposure of mice to the stress hormone,

Pharmacologic cholinesterase inhibition improves survival in experimental sepsis.

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OBJECTIVE Lethal sepsis occurs when an excessive inflammatory response evolves that cannot be controlled by physiologic anti-inflammatory mechanisms, such as the recently described cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Here we studied whether the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway can be

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