placental insufficiency/nikotin

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Prenatal Nicotine Exposure Augments Renal Oxidative Stress in Embryos of Pregnant Rats with Reduced Uterine Perfusion Pressure.

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OBJECTIVE Both maternal nicotine (NIC) exposure and placental insufficiency increase oxidative stress in the fetal kidney ensuing fetal programming of renal diseases in adult life. Their combined effects, however, are unknown. We tested the hypothesis that maternal NIC exposure exacerbates renal

Risks and benefits of nicotine to aid smoking cessation in pregnancy.

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Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is the single largest modifiable risk for pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality in the US. Addiction to nicotine prevents many pregnant women who wish to quit smoking from doing so. The safety and efficacy of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking

In utero tobacco exposure: the effects of heavy and very heavy smoking on the rate of SGA infants in the Federal State of Saarland, Germany.

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OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of heavy and very heavy smoking on the rate of small for gestational age (SGA) infants, and to assess socio-economic and regional differences in smoking patterns in pregnant women in Germany. METHODS The Neonatal and Perinatal database of the federal state of

Maternal nicotine exposure leads to impaired disulfide bond formation and augmented endoplasmic reticulum stress in the rat placenta.

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Maternal nicotine exposure has been associated with many adverse fetal and placental outcomes. Although underlying mechanisms remain elusive, recent studies have identified that augmented endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is linked to placental insufficiency. Moreover, ER function depends on proper

Effect of nicotine on placental ischemia-induced complement activation and hypertension in the rat.

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Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific condition manifested by new-onset maternal hypertension with systemic inflammation, including increased innate immune system complement activation. While exact pathophysiology is unknown, evidence suggests that inadequate spiral artery invasion and resulting

Placental toxicology: tobacco smoke, abused drugs, multiple chemical interactions, and placental function.

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There are increasing numbers of reports on the tobacco smoking and ingestion of abused drugs (e.g. morphine, cocaine) by pregnant women and the effects of the substances on the developing fetus and newborn infant. The passage of drugs and chemicals from the mother to the fetus is influenced by the

Nicotine Directly Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response in Rat Placental Trophoblast Giant Cells.

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Nicotine exposure during pregnancy leads to placental insufficiency impairing both fetal and neonatal development. Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that in rats, nicotine augmented endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in association with placental insufficiency; however, the

Addiction in pregnancy.

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Substance abuse in pregnancy has increased over the past three decades in the United States, resulting in approximately 225,000 infants yearly with prenatal exposure to illicit substances. Routine screening and the education of women of child bearing age remain the most important ways to reduce

[The influence of smoking on uteroplacental blood flow and maternal carboxyhemoglobin levels].

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The effect of nicotine consumption on uteroplacental blood flow and on the carboxyhemoglobin concentration in maternal serum was examined in 20 pregnant women. It was found that poor uteroplacental circulation is more frequent in women who smoke than in those in whom placental insufficiency is

[Pulmonary prognosis in preterm infants].

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OBJECTIVE The increased survival of preterm infants poses the challenge of dealing with a wide range of chronic pulmonary diseases, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Wilson-Mikity syndrome and recurrent wheezing. This article reviews the pulmonary clinical and functional prognosis of preterm

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in first trimester maternal serum: correlation with pathologic pregnancy outcome.

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To determine correlations between macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MCSF) levels in maternal blood during first trimester screening with respect to normal and pathological pregnancies. This was a prospective single centre study. First trimester screening was performed according to FMF London

Parental cigarette smoking and the risk of spontaneous abortion.

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Although cigarette smoking is often considered a risk factor for spontaneous abortion, the epidemiologic literature is actually inconsistent. Therefore, the authors examined maternal and paternal smoking and maternal passive smoke exposure using data from a large case-control study of spontaneous

[Smoking and gestosis: comparative results of clinical and histomorphometric studies].

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Altogether 85 term placentae (20 from gestosis patients, 44 from patients who smoke and 21 normal term placentae) were examined macroscopically, microscopically and autoradiographically. The results and clinical data were analysed: strong smokers were compared with severe gestosis patients. A direct

[Intrauterine growth retardation--perinatal mortality and postnatal morbidity in a perinatal center].

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OBJECTIVE The intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) contributes specially to perinatal mortality and morbidity. An effective treatment is not yet available. The purpose of this study is to analyse the perinatal data of a cohort with IUGR-infants including mortality and morbidity and to describe

[Reverse flow in fetal vessels and perinatal events].

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BACKGROUND/PATIENTS: A reverse flow in the umbilical artery and/or fetal aorta is associated with a higher perinatal and neonatal mortality. 30 fetuses showed a reverse flow using pulsed wave Doppler sonography (group I). A matched-pair control group including 30 fetuses with the same gestational

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