placental insufficiency/tyrosine

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Neurotrophin expression in the hippocampus and cerebellum is affected by chronic placental insufficiency in the late gestational ovine fetus.

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Our aim was to determine the effects of chronic placental insufficiency (CPI) during late gestation on the expression of neurotrophic factors and their receptors in the hippocampus and cerebellum in the near-term fetus. Structural alterations were also assessed in these brain regions. CPI was

Altered retinal function and structure after chronic placental insufficiency.

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OBJECTIVE To consider whether growth restriction secondary to chronic placental insufficiency results in postnatal deficits in retinal structure and function. METHODS Chronic placental insufficiency was induced just before midgestation in guinea pigs through unilateral ligation of the uterine

Chronic placental insufficiency affects retinal development in the guinea pig.

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OBJECTIVE Very low birth weight (VLBW) and fetal growth restriction are associated with increased risks of long-term visual impairments, including alterations to contrast sensitivity, a parameter mediated in part by dopaminergic amacrine cells. This study was conducted to determine whether chronic

Fetal growth restriction induced by chronic placental insufficiency has long-term effects on the retina but not the optic nerve.

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OBJECTIVE Reduced birth weight is associated with an increased risk of visual impairments. This study was undertaken to determine whether prenatal exposure to a chronic compromise sufficient to cause fetal growth restriction (FGR) results in long-term alterations to the retina and optic

Effects of exposure to chronic placental insufficiency on the postnatal brain and retina in sheep.

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Chronic placental insufficiency (CPI) has the potential to affect fetal brain development and to cause brain injury. Our aim was to determine the effects of exposure to CPI during late gestation on brain and retinal structure and brain neurotrophin expression 8 weeks after birth. Six fetal sheep

[Influence of amino acid imbalance in maternal and fetal organisms on the development of placental insufficiency and the course of the neonatal period.]

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The content of amino acids in maternal serum and umbilical cord blood during physiological pregnancy and placental insufficiency (PI) was estimated using ion-exchange chromatography. It was found that that the content of arginine, serine, glutamine, alanine, cysteine, methionine, tryptophan,

Placental expression of VEGF, PlGF and their receptors in a model of placental insufficiency-intrauterine growth restriction (PI-IUGR).

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Placental development requires adequate and organized interaction of vascular growth factors and their receptors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PlGF). Both VEGF and PlGF, acting through the tyrosine kinase receptors VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2, have been

Chronic placental insufficiency and foetal growth restriction lead to long-term effects on postnatal retinal structure.

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The aim of this study was to determine the effects of foetal growth restriction on the retina after birth. Foetal growth restriction (FGR) was induced via umbilico-placental embolization (UPE) in ewes from 120 days of pregnancy until term (term approximately 147 days); controls were not exposed to

Western diet consumption through early life induces microvesicular hepatic steatosis in association with an altered metabolome in low birth weight Guinea pigs.

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Uteroplacental insufficiency-induced low birth weight (LBW) and postnatal high saturated fat/high sucrose-fructose diet (Western Diet, WD) consumption have been independently associated with the development of hepatic steatosis, while their additive effect on fatty acid, acylcarnitine and amino acid

Chronic hypoxemia: effects on developing nitrergic and dopaminergic amacrine cells.

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OBJECTIVE Very low birth weight and growth-restricted children have visual impairments including reduced contrast sensitivity, a parameter mediated in part by dopaminergic amacrine cells. The origin of these deficits is uncertain. In experimental fetal growth restriction, induced by placental

Ventriculomegaly and reduced hippocampal volume following intrauterine growth-restriction: implications for the aetiology of schizophrenia.

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Structural alterations in the brains of some schizophrenic patients suggest an impairment of brain development, possibly as a result of intrauterine compromise. In this study we have tested the hypothesis that placental insufficiency during the second half of pregnancy in the guinea pig results in

BDNF increases survival of retinal dopaminergic neurons after prenatal compromise.

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OBJECTIVE Chronic placental insufficiency (CPI) severe enough to cause growth restriction (GR) results in alterations to the retina, including a reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive (TH-IR)-dopaminergic amacrine cells. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a role in the

Hypoxia-ischemia in fetal rabbit brain increases reactive nitrogen species production: quantitative estimation of nitrotyrosine.

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Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) cause nitration of protein-bound tyrosine that is used as biomarker for detection. We hypothesized that RNS are formed in fetal rabbit brain following acute placental insufficiency. Near-term pregnant rabbits were randomized to either repetitive uterine ischemia or no

Sudden infant death syndrome and placental disorders: the thyroid-selenium link.

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Placental insufficiency, inducing hypoxia-ischaemia, is considered a major cause of neuronal injury and impaired post natal development. Placental insufficiency alters the metabolism of arachidonic acid and its oxidation products. Premature labour and low-birth-weight infants are associated with

[The activity of enzymes of amino acid metabolism of the placenta in different terms of the physiological and complicated pregnancy.]

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The activity of amino acid metabolism enzymes and the content of free amino acids in the placenta during physiological pregnancy and placental insufficiency (PI) were studied using spectrophotometric methods and ion-exchange chromatography. It was found that in PI placental activity of the studied

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