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Passive immunization involves the administration of antibodies against a given agent to a susceptible individual for the purpose of preventing or treating an infectious disease due to that agent. A general principle of passive antibody therapy is that it is more effective when used for prophylaxis
The different available treatments for MS influence the immune system in distinct ways and, therefore, may lead to specific infectious risks. Whereas immunomodulating therapies have no impact on infection risks [Cahill 2010; Winkelmann 2016], the most recent drugs with immunosuppressant activity
Only adults>18YO will be included, Two cohorts will be included: A cohort of CD patients (including specific sub-cohorts of recruited known & new-onset CD and travelling CD patients and archived pathological specimens of post-operative CD, total n=300) and a cohort of controls (healthy individuals
This study will be divided into two cohorts, by age, with separate study designs. The first cohort will include children 9 through 11 months of age. The second cohort will comprise children 15 through 23 months of age. The purpose of this detailed evaluation of safety and immunogenicity is to assess
This will be an open label, phase IV study. After appropriate consent, 132 premature infants born at <35 weeks gestation (i.e. up to 34 weeks and 6 days), 50% <30 weeks gestation (i.e. up to 29 weeks and 6 days) will be randomised to 1 of 2 4CMen B schedules either at 2,4 and 12 months or 2,3,4 and
Despite successful control of many infectious diseases since the 19th century, viral diseases remain an important and significant health burden in the 21st century. In fact, the turn of the 21st century saw the emergence of not only new but also re-emergent pathogens such as SARS, MERS, West Nile,
Volunteers will be asked to attend Surrey CRC for two visits with a follow up telephone call. A subset of volunteers will be aske to attend an additional visit and follow up call.
Visit 1 - Screening Visit (Day - 28 to -1) Visit 1 will take place up to 28 days prior to the injections being
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the most important epidemic encephalitis worldwide, causing approximately 35-50,000 cases and 10-15,000 deaths annually. Half of the survivors have severe neuropsychiatric sequelae, posing a large socio-economic burden on communities that can ill afford it. JE virus
In studies conducted to date, Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) appears to boost the systemic immunity generated by Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) priming significantly more effectively than the use of additional doses of OPV. The use of IPV to both enhance the immunity generated by OPV and also to provide
Recent investments in influenza surveillance in many African countries confirm results from other countries that young children, pregnant women, and those with chronic medical conditions are at increased risk of hospitalization and death from influenza infection. Annual influenza vaccination is the
1. Study design
The overall study design is a randomised trial of four treatment regimes in two different transmission settings. The four treatment regimes are as follows: (1) placebo, (2) mefloquine; (3) Lapdap; (4) SP. All medications will be given at the time of immunisation with DPT/polio 2,
Study Design: This is a Phase I open label study to evaluate safety, tolerability, and immune response of a recombinant DNA vaccine, VRC-WNVDNA017-00-VP. The hypothesis is that this regimen will be safe for human administration and elicit immune responses to the West Nile virus. The primary
Investigation of the Natural History of West Nile Virus Infection in Patients with Recently Acquired West Nile Fever or Neuroinvasive Disease is a descriptive natural history study. Since the first reports of WNV disease in North America in 1999, geographic range has expanded, a trend that is
"Post-polio syndrome" defines the new muscle weaknesses and the variety of new difficulties with daily living that some patients experience 25-35 years after maximum recovery from acute paralytic poliomyelitis. The new weakness appears to be due to disintegration of the distal nerve terminals of the