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Raffinose synthase enhances drought tolerance through raffinose synthesis or galactinol hydrolysis in maize and Arabidopsis plants.

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Raffinose and its precursor galactinol accumulate in plant leaves during abiotic stress. RAFFINOSE SYNTHASE (RAFS) catalyzes raffinose formation by transferring a galactosyl group of galactinol to sucrose. However, whether RAFS contributes to plant drought tolerance and, if so, by what mechanism

Metabolic rearrangements in imbibed maize (Zea mays L) embryos in the presence of oxidative stressors

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Cadmium (Cd) is a metal known to generate oxidative stress in plants and may be particularly harmful during germination. Herein, the growth and metabolic rearrangements of maize embryo axes subjected during the imbibition stage to Cd ions and other two well-known oxidative stressors, methyl viologen

Functional identification of Arabidopsis ATSIP2 (At3g57520) as an alkaline α-galactosidase with a substrate specificity for raffinose and an apparent sink-specific expression pattern.

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Arabidopsis ATSIP2 has recently been suggested to be a raffinose synthase gene. However, it has high amino acid identity to functionally characterized alkaline α-galactosidases from Cucumis melo and Zea mays. Using the Sf9 insect cell expression system, we demonstrate that recombinant ATSIP2 is a

ZmDREB1A regulates RAFFINOSE SYNTHASE controlling raffinose accumulation and plant chilling stress tolerance in maize.

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Raffinose accumulation is positively correlated with plant chilling stress tolerance; however, the understanding of the function and regulation of raffinose metabolism under chilling stress remains in its infancy. RAFFINOSE SYNTHASE (RAFS) is the key enzyme for raffinose biosynthesis. We report here

Cross-linked α-galactosidase aggregates: optimization, characterization and application in the hydrolysis of raffinose-type oligosaccharides in soymilk.

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Cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) of α-galactosidase, partially purified from maize (Zea mays) flour, were prepared. The impact of various parameters on enzyme activity was examined to optimize the immobilization procedure. Biochemical characterization of the free and immobilized

Chemical and sensory evaluation of vegetable milks from African yam bean Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst ex A Rich) Harms and maize (Zea mays L.).

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Vegetable milks were developed from fermented and unfermented African yam bean (AYB) flours and their maize blends. AYB was cleaned, dehulled, milled and fermented for 24 hours by the natural microflora present in the legume flour. Maize was fermented for 48 hours. A ratio of 70:30 (protein basis)

Nutritional Properties Assessment of Endogenous and Improved Varieties of Maize (Zea mays L.) Grown in Southern Benin.

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OBJECTIVE A wide range of maize varieties is used in Benin but information on the nutritional characteristics of these varieties are not well known. This study aims to assess the nutritional composition of maize varieties in use in the southern region of Benin with the purpose of providing consumers

ZmGOLS2, a target of transcription factor ZmDREB2A, offers similar protection against abiotic stress as ZmDREB2A.

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GALACTINOL SYNTHASE is the first committed enzyme in the raffinose biosynthetic pathway. We have previously characterized the maize (Zea mays) GALACTINOL SYNTHASE2 gene (ZmGOLS2) as abiotic stress induced. To further investigate the regulation of ZmGOLS2 gene expression, individual luciferase

Compositional equivalence of DAS-444Ø6-6 (AAD-12 + 2mEPSPS + PAT) herbicide-tolerant soybean and nontransgenic soybean.

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Soybeans from transgenic event DAS-444Ø6-6 are the first to express three proteins that provide tolerance to broad-spectrum herbicides. DAS-444Ø6-6 soybean expresses the aryloxyalkanoate dioxygenase-12 (AAD-12) enzyme from the soil bacterium Delftia acidovorans , which provides tolerance to the

Functional characterization of a eukaryotic melibiose transporter.

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Pathogenic fungi drastically affect plant health and cause significant losses in crop yield and quality. In spite of their impact, little is known about the carbon sources used by these fungi in planta and about the fungal transporters importing sugars from the plant-fungus interface. Here, we

Substrate utilization by Aspergillus flavus in inoculated whole corn kernels and isolated tissues.

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Utilization of the major corn (Zea mays) reserve materials (free saccharides, starch, triglycerides, and zein) was monitored during infection of detached kernels by Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) over a 12-day period. Inoculated whole kernels were compared to noninoculated kernels. Concentrations of

Functional analysis of the 5' regulatory region of the maize GALACTINOL SYNTHASE2 gene.

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Maize (Zea mays) GALACTINOL SYNTHASE (GolS) is a key enzyme in the raffinose biosynthetic pathway. We have previously characterized the maize GolS2 (ZmGolS2) gene as heat shock induced in maize germinating seeds and cultured cells. Here we report the identification, isolation and characterization of

Radial transport of water across cortical sleeves of excised roots ofZea mays L.

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The stationary radial volume flows across maize (Zea mays L.) root segments without steles ("sleeves") were measured under isobaric conditions. The driving force of the volume flow is an osmotic difference between the internal and external compartment of the root preparations. It is generated by

First Report of Pantoea agglomerans Causing Leaf Blight and Vascular Wilt in Maize and Sorghum in Mexico.

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Zea mays and Sorghum bicolor are important crops for animal and human nutrition worldwide. In the Central Highland Valley of Mexico, both crops are extremely important, and research is aimed toward increasing yield, disease resistance, and crop adaptation from 1,900- to 2,700-m elevation. In a

ZmDREB2A regulates ZmGH3.2 and ZmRAFS, shifting metabolism towards seed aging tolerance over seedling growth

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Seed aging tolerance and rapid seedling growth are important agronomic traits for crop production, however, how these traits are controlled at the molecular level remains largely unknown. The unaged seeds of two independent maize DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT-BINDING2A mutant (zmdreb2a) lines, with

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