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meningitis is a notifiable disease in many countries, the exact incidence rate is unknown. In 2013 meningitis resulted in 303,000 deaths - down from 464,000 deaths in 1990. In 2010 it was estimated that meningitis resulted in 420,000 deaths, excluding cryptococcal meningitis.
Bacterial meningitis
Infectious diarrhea caused by invasive bacteria (Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter) or a cytotoxic organism result ting in mucosal histologic damage and inflammation (Entamoeba histolytica). (Hedberg etal., 1994)
Giardia lamblia Transmission is via the faecal oral route or via ingestion of
Further study details as provided by Hanyang University Hospital
This study is prospective study of newly diagnosed LTBI in HCWs at Hanyang University Hospital, a tertiary referral hospital in South Korea, between 2017 and 2018. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of adverse reactions of
1. Scientific rationale and general description:
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) represent all mycobacteria not belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. This group of mycobacteria was discovered recently and has demonstrated pulmonary pathogenicity. The presence of a NTM in a
There is a longstanding hypothesis that death from TBM results from an excessive intracerebral inflammatory response. The corollary of this hypothesis has been that adjunctive anti-inflammatory treatment with corticosteroids (e.g. dexamethasone) improves survival, which has been demonstrated in
Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes ~9 million new cases of tuberculosis and ~1.5 million deaths annually, around 0.4 million of whom are co-infected with HIV. Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most severe form of tuberculosis, killing around 30% of all sufferers despite appropriate
Study design and its justification:
This is an exploratory study to compare the effects of vitamin D supplementation against placebo (capsules with no active drug) on residual pulmonary inflammation detectable with PET-CT scanning. If the study demonstrates that vitamin D supplementation can dampen
Study design This was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial among children with a presumptive diagnosis of acute migraine in the ED. The study was approved by the institutional IRB and written informed assent and consent were obtained by the patient and a parent respectively,
Prospective controlled study including pediatric patients (≤14 years of age) with a recent diagnosis of IgE- or non-IgE-mediated CMA, confirmed by positive oral food challenge or anaphylaxis in the 2 months prior to enrollment and under good clinical control. Children with concomitant chronic
1. INTRODUCTION
1. 1 BACKGROUND
For treatment in advanced HIV infection, combination therapy with antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) is the best option under current international standards. The benefit of ARVs is best, if they are used relatively late in the course of the disease, commonly after a
The average of 100 children per annum attending Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital 9RCWMCH) with the diagnosis of kerosene ingestion would give a sample of 200 children over a two-year period, with 100 patients in each group. From a postulated secondary infection rate of 15 to 50% for
Vitamin D, an essential micronutrient has a biological function in the formation and maintenance of strong bones. Vitamin D may help maintain a healthy immune system. In vitro studies have shown that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamine D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), the active metabolite of vitamin D is important for
Combination therapy is now being used for many infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis, malaria, and HIV. Combination therapy offers the potential of preventing drug resistance, because organisms resistant to one of the drugs may be susceptible to the other drug; and also the potential to diminish