salicylate/mtumbako

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Cell-specific expression of salicylate hydroxylase in an attempt to separate localized HR and systemic signalling establishing SAR in tobacco.

Watumiaji waliosajiliwa tu ndio wanaweza kutafsiri nakala

Ingia / Ingia

Abstract There is conflicting evidence concerning the nature of the long-distance signal responsible for establishing the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) state following a local response to an incompatible plant/pathogen interaction. We outline standard inoculation procedures and terminology for

Salicylate activity. 1. Protection of plants from paraquat injury.

Watumiaji waliosajiliwa tu ndio wanaweza kutafsiri nakala

Ingia / Ingia

Paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium; methylviologen) is a widely used, nonselective contact herbicide that rapidly stimulates free radical generation. It has been found that the addition of sodium salicylate (sodium 2-hydroxybenzoate; NaSA) to paraquat spray solutions significantly decreased

Nitric oxide interacts with salicylate to regulate biphasic ethylene production during the hypersensitive response.

Watumiaji waliosajiliwa tu ndio wanaweza kutafsiri nakala

Ingia / Ingia

C(2)H(4) is associated with plant defense, but its role during the hypersensitive response (HR) remains largely uncharacterized. C(2)H(4) production in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) following inoculation with HR-eliciting Pseudomonas syringae pathovars measured by laser photoacoustic detection was

The extent to which methyl salicylate is required for signaling systemic acquired resistance is dependent on exposure to light after infection.

Watumiaji waliosajiliwa tu ndio wanaweza kutafsiri nakala

Ingia / Ingia

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a state of heightened defense to a broad spectrum of pathogens that is activated throughout a plant following local infection. Development of SAR requires the translocation of one or more mobile signals from the site of infection through the vascular system to

The outcomes of concentration-specific interactions between salicylate and jasmonate signaling include synergy, antagonism, and oxidative stress leading to cell death.

Watumiaji waliosajiliwa tu ndio wanaweza kutafsiri nakala

Ingia / Ingia

Salicylic acid (SA) has been proposed to antagonize jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis and signaling. We report, however, that in salicylate hydroxylase-expressing tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants, where SA levels were reduced, JA levels were not elevated during a hypersensitive response elicited by

Up-regulation of Arabidopsis thaliana NHL10 in the hypersensitive response to Cucumber mosaic virus infection and in senescing leaves is controlled by signalling pathways that differ in salicylate involvement.

Watumiaji waliosajiliwa tu ndio wanaweza kutafsiri nakala

Ingia / Ingia

The Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heyhn. genome contains 45 genes that show substantial sequence similarity to the tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) HIN1 (harpin-induced) gene and the Arabidopsis NDR1 (non-race-specific disease resistance) gene. Of these, the nine ( NHL1 to NHL3, NHL8 to NHL12 and NHL22)

Spermine is a salicylate-independent endogenous inducer for both tobacco acidic pathogenesis-related proteins and resistance against tobacco mosaic virus infection

Watumiaji waliosajiliwa tu ndio wanaweza kutafsiri nakala

Ingia / Ingia

Intercellular spaces are often the first sites invaded by pathogens. In the spaces of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-infected and necrotic lesion-forming tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) leaves, we found that an inducer for acidic pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins was accumulated. The induction activity

Ergosterol treatment leads to the expression of a specific set of defence-related genes in tobacco.

Watumiaji waliosajiliwa tu ndio wanaweza kutafsiri nakala

Ingia / Ingia

Ergosterol is the main sterol of most fungi. Production of reactive oxygen species after the treatment of tobacco and tomato cells by nano-molar concentrations of ergosterol was previously observed as well as the activation of some stress activated mitogen-activated protein kinases on alfalfa cells.

Lithium treatment induces a hypersensitive-like response in tobacco.

Watumiaji waliosajiliwa tu ndio wanaweza kutafsiri nakala

Ingia / Ingia

Treatment of tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants with lithium induces the formation of necrotic lesions and leaf curling as in the case of incompatible pathogen interactions. Further similarities at the molecular level include accumulation of ethylene and of salicylic and gentisic acids, and

Ecophysiological comparison of direct and indirect defenses in Nicotiana attenuata.

Watumiaji waliosajiliwa tu ndio wanaweza kutafsiri nakala

Ingia / Ingia

After herbivore attack, plants launch a suite of direct and indirect defense responses that must be coordinated if plants are to realize a fitness benefit from these responses. Here we characterize the volatile emissions in the native tobacco plant, Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex Wats., that are

New insights into the early biochemical activation of jasmonic acid biosynthesis in leaves.

Watumiaji waliosajiliwa tu ndio wanaweza kutafsiri nakala

Ingia / Ingia

In plants, herbivore attack elicits the rapid accumulation of jasmonic acid (JA) which results from the activation of constitutively expressed biosynthetic enzymes. The molecular mechanisms controlling the activation of JA biosynthesis remain largely unknown however new research has elucidated some

Localization of methyl benzoate synthesis and emission in Stephanotis floribunda and Nicotiana suaveolens flowers.

Watumiaji waliosajiliwa tu ndio wanaweza kutafsiri nakala

Ingia / Ingia

The emission of fragrances can qualitatively and quantitatively differ in different parts of flowers. A detailed analysis was initiated to localize the floral tissues and cells which contribute to scent synthesis in STEPHANOTIS FLORIBUNDA (Asclepiadaceae) and NICOTIANA SUAVEOLENS (Solanaceae). The

Biochemical and structural characterization of benzenoid carboxyl methyltransferases involved in floral scent production in Stephanotis floribunda and Nicotiana suaveolens.

Watumiaji waliosajiliwa tu ndio wanaweza kutafsiri nakala

Ingia / Ingia

Flower-specific benzenoid carboxyl methyltransferases from Stephanotis floribunda and Nicotiana suaveolens were biochemically and structurally characterized. The floral scents of both these species contain higher levels of methyl benzoate and lower levels of methyl salicylate. The S. floribunda

Metabolic fingerprinting of wild type and transgenic tobacco plants by 1H NMR and multivariate analysis technique.

Watumiaji waliosajiliwa tu ndio wanaweza kutafsiri nakala

Ingia / Ingia

The metabolomic analysis of wild type and constitutive salicylic acid producing tobacco plants (CSA tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum 'Samsun' NN) plants overexpressing salicylate biosynthetic genes was carried out by 1H NMR spectrometry and multivariate analysis techniques. The principle component

The Effects of Salicylic Acid and Tobacco Mosaic Virus Infection on the Alternative Oxidase of Tobacco.

Watumiaji waliosajiliwa tu ndio wanaweza kutafsiri nakala

Ingia / Ingia

Salicylic acid (SA) is a signal in systemic acquired resistance and an inducer of the alternative oxidase protein in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv Xanthi nc) cell suspensions and during thermogenesis in aroid spadices. The effects of SA on the levels of alternative oxidase protein and the

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