Biocompatible Chitosan Oligosaccharide Modified Gold Nanorods as Highly Effective Photothermal Agents for Ablation of Breast Cancer Cells.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) using biocompatible nanomaterials have recently attracted much attention as a novel candidate technique for cancer therapy. In this work we report the performance of newly synthesized multidentate chitosan oligosaccharide modified gold nanorods (AuNRs-LA-COS) as novel agents for PTT of cancer cells due to their excellent biocompatibility, photothermal stability, and high absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) region. The AuNRs-LA-COS exhibit a strong NIR absorption peak at 838 nm with a mean length of 26 ± 3.1 nm and diameter of 6.8 ± 1.7 nm, respectively. The temperature of AuNRs-LA-COS rapidly reached 52.6 °C for 5 min of NIR laser irradiation at 2 W/cm². The AuNRs-LA-COS had very low cytotoxicity and exhibited high efficiency for the ablation of breast cancer cells in vitro. The tumor-bearing mice were completely ablated without tumor recurrence after photothermal treatment with AuNRs-LA-COS (25 µg/mL) under laser irradiation. In summary, this study demonstrated that AuNRs-LA-COS with laser irradiation as novel agents pave an alternative way for breast cancer therapy and hold great promise for clinical trials in the near future.