Chemoprotective effects of butanol fraction of Buchholzia Coriacea ( Capparidaceae ) against Type 2 Diabetes and Oxidative Stress in male Wistar rats.

Recent studies have shown that Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in rats can result through a synergy that link obesity to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. This present study achieved T2D via high fructose (20%w/v, p.o.), streptozotocin single dose (40 mg/kg, i.p.) (HFSTZ) in rats. Also, chemoprotective potential of butanol fraction of buchholzia coriacea (BFBC) was demonstrated. Control normal and diabetic untreated (HFSTZ-induced T2D) rats received carboxymethyl cellulose (1 mg/kg, p.o.). Diabetic rats received intragastric BFBC (20, 200, 400 mg/kg), glibenclamide (0.07 mg/kg), and BFBC (200mg/kg) plus glibenclamide treatments respectively. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide radical, hydroxyl radical scavenging activities and α-amylase inhibition were assessed. After two weeks of treatments, blood glucose levels, lipid profiles, renal and liver function, serum insulin as well as in vivo oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed. BFBC shows highest antioxidants and α-amylase inhibitory activities in vitro HFSTZ-induced T2D produced hyperglycemia (p< 0.05 - 0.001; F = 5.26 - 26.47), serum hyperinsulinaemia (6-folds) plus elevated lipid peroxidation levels. Similarly, there were altered lipid profiles, liver and renal biomarker enzymes plus weight loss. BFBC administration alone or in combination with glibenclamide reversed T2D symptomatologies in treated animals, and improved body weights against control diabetic rats. In vivo antioxidant activities also improved while histological sections in treated rats show reduced tissue damage in pancreas, kidneys, liver and heart respectively. Oleic, stearic, 2-methyl-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic and n-hexadecanoic acids were present in BFBC in large quantities given gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Overall, data from this study suggest chemoprotective potentials of BFBC against HFSTZ-induced T2D rats.