Turkish
Albanian
Arabic
Armenian
Azerbaijani
Belarusian
Bengali
Bosnian
Catalan
Czech
Danish
Deutsch
Dutch
English
Estonian
Finnish
Français
Greek
Haitian Creole
Hebrew
Hindi
Hungarian
Icelandic
Indonesian
Irish
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Latvian
Lithuanian
Macedonian
Mongolian
Norwegian
Persian
Polish
Portuguese
Romanian
Russian
Serbian
Slovak
Slovenian
Spanish
Swahili
Swedish
Turkish
Ukrainian
Vietnamese
Български
中文(简体)
中文(繁體)
Revue du Rhumatisme (Edition Francaise) 1993-Apr

[Tobacco as risk factor of osteoporosis, myth or reality?].

Sadece kayıtlı kullanıcılar makaleleri çevirebilir
Giriş yapmak kayıt olmak
Bağlantı panoya kaydedilir
P O Ill
C Alexandre

Anahtar kelimeler

Öz

To evaluate smoking as a risk factor for osteoporosis, we performed a qualitative analysis of 40 international studies investigating statistical associations between smoking and osteoporosis related endpoints. Using standardized causality assessment criteria, we failed to demonstrate a relationship between smoking and osteoporosis. Because such a relationship is biologically plausible, we then undertook a quantitative metaanalysis of 8 epidemiological hip fracture studies. Relative risk, estimated as the "combined odds ratio", was 1.33 (95% confidence interval 1.14-1.54) in the case-control studies and 1.63 (95% confidence interval 1.27-2.09) in the prospective studies. These data suggest that smoking is a modest risk factor for osteoporosis. However, studies of effects of smoking on peak bone mass would be of interest in view of the prevalence shift of smoking towards increasingly young age groups. Early exposure to smoke may decrease peak bone mass. Furthermore, Kiel recently found evidence that replacement hormone therapy may be ineffective in preventing hip fractures in postmenopausal women who smoke. Reducing smoking is an important goal for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporosis in teenagers and postmenopausal women, respectively.

Facebook sayfamıza katılın

Bilim tarafından desteklenen en eksiksiz şifalı otlar veritabanı

  • 55 dilde çalışır
  • Bilim destekli bitkisel kürler
  • Görüntüye göre bitki tanıma
  • Etkileşimli GPS haritası - bölgedeki bitkileri etiketleyin (yakında)
  • Aramanızla ilgili bilimsel yayınları okuyun
  • Şifalı bitkileri etkilerine göre arayın
  • İlgi alanlarınızı düzenleyin ve haber araştırmaları, klinik denemeler ve patentlerle güncel kalın

Bir belirti veya hastalık yazın ve yardımcı olabilecek bitkiler hakkında bilgi edinin, bir bitki yazın ve karşı kullanıldığı hastalıkları ve semptomları görün.
* Tüm bilgiler yayınlanmış bilimsel araştırmalara dayanmaktadır

Google Play badgeApp Store badge