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Evidence of 5-hydroxytryptamine synthesis in the follicles of Sepia officinalis and direct involvement in the control of egg-laying.

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At the beginning of egg-laying, in the cuttlefish Sepia officinalis, the oocytes accumulated in the proximal oviduct are released into the mantle cavity by the contractions of the oviduct before being encapsulated and fertilised. A bioassay based on the recording of the contractile activity of the

Leucocyte recruitment induced by type II phospholipases A(2) into the rat pleural cavity.

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Bothropstoxin-I (BthTX-I) and bothropstoxin-II (BthTX-II) are Lys-49 and Asp-49 phospholipases A(2) (PLA(2)s), respectively, isolated from Bothrops jararacussu venom. Piratoxin-I (PrTX-I) is a Lys-49 PLA(2) isolated from Bothrops pirajai venom. In this study, the ability of BthTX-I, BthTX-II and

gamma-Glutamyl conjugation of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) in the earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris).

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The conversion of 5-hydroxytryptamine to several potential metabolites was examined in the annelid earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris). 5-hydroxytryptamine and some related amines were found to be present in several tissues of the earthworm. Injection of 5-hydroxytryptamine into the body cavity of the

In vitro uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine by rat mast cells after exocytosis induced by antigen or compound 48/80.

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Mast cells from the peritoneal and pleural cavities of actively sensitized rats were isolated and incubated with biogenic amines (5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine) with or without pretreatment with specific antigen. An anaphylactic reaction resulting in the release of 20-25% of the histamine in the

The anti-inflammatory effect of catecholamines in the peritoneal cavity and hind paw of the mouse.

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1. Carrageenin or 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced oedema of the mouse hind paw was antagonized by catecholamines acting on both alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors.2. Increased permeability of the mouse peritoneum induced by the local injection of acetic acid or pro-inflammatory mediators was antagonized by

Mechanism of bradykinin-induced plasma extravasation in the rat knee joint.

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1. We have investigated the mechanism of bradykinin (BK)-induced plasma extravasation into the knee joint of the anaesthetized rat. Accumulation of [125I]-human serum albumin within the synovial cavity was used as a marker of increased vascular permeability. 2. Perfusion with BK (1 microM) produced

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor transmembrane mutations convert ivermectin from a positive to a negative allosteric modulator.

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Ivermectin is a macrocyclic lactone that acts as a positive allosteric modulator of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) but has no modulatory activity on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) type 3 (5-HT(3)) receptors. By examining the influence of ivermectin on subunit chimeras containing

Early differentiating neuron in larval abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana) reveals the relationship between ontogenetic torsion and crossing of the pleurovisceral nerve cords.

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Crossing of the pleurovisceral nerve cords in gastropods has supported the view that gastropods evolved by 180 degrees rotation between the ventral and dorsal body regions. Indeed, a rotation of this type occurs as a dramatic morphogenetic movement ("ontogenetic torsion") during the development of

Involvement of histamine in vascular permeability increase of the rat pleurisy induced by phorbol myristate acetate.

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Rat pleurisy was induced by an intrapleural injection of 1 nmol (0.1 ml) of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Accumulation of pleural fluid peaked at a volume of 1 ml at 1 hr, and exudation rate peaked at 30 min when measured by the amount of dye leaked into the pleural cavity during 20 min.

Histamine content of peritoneal and tissue mast cells of growing rats.

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The histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) content of mast cells was measured in rat peritoneal mast cells (isolated by density-gradient centrifugation or in crude peritoneal cell suspensions) and in some solid, mast-cell-rich tissues (tongue, skin, and duodenum). The duodenum contains large

PREPARATION AND EFFECTS OF AN ANTI-MAST CELL SERUM.

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In an attempt to obtain an antiserum that would bring about widespread destruction of mast cells in the rat, rabbits were immunized with mast cells isolated from the peritoneal cavities of rats. Striking evidence of anti-mast cell activity was indicated in vivo by mast cell disruption and in vitro

An integrated serotonin and octopamine neuronal circuit directs the release of an endocrine signal to control C. elegans body fat.

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Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is an ancient and conserved neuromodulator of energy balance. Despite its importance, the neural circuits and molecular mechanisms underlying 5-HT-mediated control of body fat remain poorly understood. Here, we decipher the serotonergic neural circuit for body

Mediators of substance P-induced inflammation in the rat knee joint.

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Substance P (SP) injected into the synovial cavity of the rat knee resulted in an inflammatory response as measured by plasma protein extravasation into the joint capsule. This response was dose dependent over the range of approximately 4 microM to approximately 200 microM. Part of this inflammatory

Acute non-specific inflammation and modification of macrophage and lymphocyte functions.

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The acute inflammatory response is a common phenomenon experienced by the physician in a wide variety of clinical situations. One of the major problems facing the investigator in this field of research who wishes to look at the cellular and humoral responses involved, is that in most of the animal

Endothelin-1 inhibits PAF-induced paw oedema and pleurisy in the mouse.

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1. The current study analyses the effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on paw oedema and pleurisy induced by platelet activating factor (PAF) and other inflammatory agents in the mouse. 2. Combined subplantar injection of ET-1 (0.5 pmol/paw) did not modify oedema caused by histamine (1 to 100 mumol/paw),

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Herbal & Natural Medicine

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