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Levels of 5-hydroxyindol acetic acid and lipid peroxidation in brain after administration of marijuana and nalbuphine in male and female rat.

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We analyzed the effect of marijuana and nalbuphine on levels of 5-hydroxyindol acetic acid and lipid peroxidation in rat brain. Single and repeated dosages of 250 mg/kg marijuana extract or 10 mg/kg nalbuphine were administered to male and female Wistar rats. Animals were sacrificed and brains were

Cannabinoids assessment in plasma and urine by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry after molecularly imprinted polymer microsolid-phase extraction.

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A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) selective for cannabinoids [Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC-COOH), and 11-hydroxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC-OH)] has been synthesized, fully characterized, and applied to the assessment of plasma and urine

The additive antinociceptive interaction between WIN 55,212-2, a cannabinoid agonist, and ketorolac.

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Combinations of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids are widespread in the management of pain, allowing better analgesia with reduced side effects. Cannabinoids are promising analgesic drugs that have pharmacological properties similar to those of opioids. However, the beneficial

Testing human hair for cannabis. II. Identification of THC-COOH by GC-MS-NCI as a unique proof.

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To validate information on cannabis use, 11-nor-delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic (THC-COOH) was investigated in human hair. The identification of THC-COOH in hair would document cannabis use more effectively than the detection of the parent drug which might have come from environmental

Simultaneous quantification of cannabinoids and metabolites in oral fluid by two-dimensional gas chromatography mass spectrometry.

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Development and validation of a method for simultaneous identification and quantification of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinol (CBN), and metabolites 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH-THC) and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH) in oral fluid. Simultaneous analysis was problematic due

Testing human hair for cannabis.

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To validate information on cannabis use, we investigated human hair and pubic hair for cannabinoids (THC and THC-COOH) by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Samples (100 mg approximately) were decontaminated with methylene chloride, then pulverized and dissolved in 1 ml 1 N NaOH for 10 min at 95

Ammonia release from heated 'street' cannabis leaf and its potential toxic effects on cannabis users.

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OBJECTIVE To use selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) to analyse the molecular species emitted by heated 'street' cannabis plant material, especially targeting ammonia. METHODS Samples of 'street' cannabis leaf, held under a UK Home Office licence, were prepared by finely chopping and

Cannabinoid Receptor Type 1 in the Brain Regulates the Affective Component of Visceral Pain in Mice.

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Endocannabinoids acting through cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) are major modulators of peripheral somatic and visceral nociception. Although only partially studied, some evidence suggests a particular role of CB1 within the brain in nociceptive processes. As the endocannabinoid system regulates

Role of cannabinoid receptor type 1 in tibial and pudendal neuromodulation of bladder overactivity in cats.

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The role of cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptors in tibial and pudendal neuromodulation of bladder overactivity induced by intravesical infusion of 0.5% acetic acid (AA) was determined in α-chloralose anesthetized cats. AA irritation significantly (P < 0.01) reduced bladder capacity to 36.6 ± 4.8% of

Determination of herbicides paraquat, glyphosate, and aminomethylphosphonic acid in marijuana samples by capillary electrophoresis.

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In this work, two methods were developed to determine herbicides paraquat, glyphosate, and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in marijuana samples by capillary electrophoresis. For paraquat analysis, sample was extracted with aqueous acetic acid solution and analyzed by capillary zone electrophoresis

Hair testing for cannabis in Spain and France: is there a difference in consumption?

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This paper compares the methods used in Sevilla, Spain with those used in Strasbourg, France for analyzing cannabinoids (delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol [THC] and 11-nor-delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid [THCCOOH]) in human hair. The Sevilla procedure involved the following steps: After

Segmental hair analysis for 11-nor-Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid and the patterns of cannabis use.

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Cannabis is the most widely abused drug in the world. The purpose of this study is to detect 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THCCOOH) in segmental hair and to evaluate the patterns of cannabis use. We investigated the relationship between the concentrations of THCCOOH in hair and the

Testing human blood for cannabis by GC-MS.

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A method for cannabis testing in human whole blood is presented. The procedure involves extraction of a 2 mL specimen acidified with 0.2 mL of 10% acetic acid in a silanized vial in presence of deuterated internal standards into hexane:ethyl acetate. After evaporation to dryness the drug and its

The cannabinoid-1 receptor inverse agonist taranabant reduces abdominal pain and increases intestinal transit in mice.

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BACKGROUND Constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) is a common functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder with abdominal pain and decreased motility. Current treatments of IBS-C are insufficient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential application of taranabant, a

CB1 cannabinoid receptor agonist mouse VD-hemopressin(α) produced supraspinal analgesic activity in the preclinical models of pain.

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Mouse VD-hemopressin(α) (VD-Hpα) is an undecapeptide that selectively activates CB1 cannabinoid receptor in in vitro functional tests, and exerts CB1-mediated central antinociception in the mouse tail-flick assay. The aim of the present study was to further investigate the analgesic properties of

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