alkaloid/kusma

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Dose-dependent emetic effects of the Amaryllidaceous alkaloid lycorine in beagle dogs.

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Ingestions of plant material from Amaryllidaceae, especially the bulbs of daffodils, are known to be toxic, representing a persistent cause of poisoning in human and animals. Empiric data from case reports suggested, that the alkaloid lycorine could be the toxic constituent of the multi-component

Metabolic studies of the Amaryllidaceous alkaloids galantamine and lycorine based on electrochemical simulation in addition to in vivo and in vitro models.

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Alkaloids from the plant family of Amaryllidaceae, such as galantamine (GAL) and lycorine (LYC), are known to exhibit numerous promising biological and pharmacological activities like antibacterial, antiviral or anti-inflammatory effects. Nonetheless, studies on the biotransformation pathway are

Phase I study of thalicarpine (NAC-68075), a plant alkaloid of noval structure.

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An initial clinical trial of daily and weekly X 6 ihtravenous infusions of thalicarpine, a plant alkaloid of novel structure, was carried out in 36 patients. Twenty-eight patients received 33 courses of single-dose administration at doses of 200-1900 mg/m2. At the maximum tolerable dose of 1400

Prophylactic use of ergot alkaloids in the third stage of labour.

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BACKGROUND Previous research has shown that the prophylactic use of uterotonic agents in the third stage of labour reduces postpartum blood loss and moderate to severe postpartum haemorrhage. This is one of a series of systematic reviews assessing the effects of prophylactic use of uterotonic drugs

Prophylactic use of ergot alkaloids in the third stage of labour.

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Previous research has shown that the prophylactic use of uterotonic agents in the third stage of labour reduces postpartum blood loss and moderate to severe postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). PPH is defined as a blood loss of 500 mL or more within 24 hours after birth. This is one of a series of

[Cisplatin and vinca alkaloid combination chemotherapy of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer in the aged].

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Fifteen patients aged over 65 years of age with advanced non-small-cl lung cancer (mean age = 70.7, stage IIIb: IV = 4:11) were treated with combination chemotherapy consisting of Cisplatin (50 or 80 mg/m2) and a vinca-alkaloid (Vindesine 3 mg/m2 or Etoposide 80 mg/m2). The effectiveness and side

The effect of transdermal scopolamine for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting.

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Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common and undesirable complaints recorded in as many as 70-80% of high-risk surgical patients. The current prophylactic therapy recommendations for PONV management stated in the Society of Ambulatory Anesthesia (SAMBA) guidelines should

Mechanics of vomiting: a minireview.

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In a cineradiographic analysis of the vomiting reflex in response to i.v. administration of an emetic drug (lanatoside C, 12 mg/kg) in cats, it was shown that the vomiting act is preceded by cyclic periods of abnormal peristaltic activity of the small bowel and inhibition of gastric peristalsis. It

[Intractable vomiting, convulsions and megaloblastic anemia: anamnesis, key to diagnosis].

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In July 1996 a 43-year-old illiterate Hispanic woman presented with uncontrollable vomiting, palpitations and confusion. In 1994, despite several hospitalisations in other medical centres where a cerebral CT-scan, oesogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy and abdominal ultrasound were performed, no

Hikers poisoned: Veratrum steroidal alkaloid toxicity following ingestion of foraged Veratrum parviflorum.

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BACKGROUND Steroidal alkaloids are found in plants of the genus Veratrum. Their toxicity manifests as gastrointestinal symptoms followed by a Bezold-Jarisch reflex: hypopnea, hypotension, and bradycardia. Some Veratrum steroidal alkaloids are also teratogens interfering with the hedgehog-2 signaling

Urinary excretion of ipecac alkaloids in human volunteers.

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Limited data are available regarding urinary excretion of ipecac alkaloids in humans. In this study, ipecac syrup was administered po to 12 healthy human volunteers at a dose of either 20 mL or 30 mL, and urinary excretions of cephaeline and emetine as well as blood and vomit concentrations were

Pharmacological aspects of ipecac syrup (TJN-119)-induced emesis in ferrets.

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In order to elucidate the precise mechanism of ipecac syrup (TJN-119) on the occurrence of vomiting, we examined the effects of ipecac syrup on the abdominal afferent nerve activity as well as on the 5-HT levels of the ileum and area postrema in ferrets. Oral administration of TJN-119 (0.5 mg/kg)

Ipecacuanha: the South American vomiting root.

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The story of ipecacuanha, derived from the plant Cephaelis, is a fascinating one. It was discovered in Brazil in the 1600s and then transported to Paris in the latter part of the same century. It was used there by the physician Helvetius on various members of the French royal court to treat the flux

Acute and Sub-chronic Toxicity of Indole Alkaloids Extract from Leaves of Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. in Beagle Dogs

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Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br., an evergreen tropical plant rich in indole alkaloids with significant physiological activity, is traditionally used to treat respiratory diseases in China. This study was conducted to establish the toxicity profile of the alkaloid extract (TA) of A. scholaris leaves

A case of beta-carboline alkaloid intoxication following ingestion of Peganum harmala seed extract.

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Beta-carboline alkaloids harmine, harmaline, and tetrahydroharmine can stimulate the central nervous system by inhibiting the metabolism of amine neurotransmitters, or by direct interaction with specific receptors; they are found in numerous plants, including Peganum harmala, Passiflora incarnata

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