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Randomized trials of artemisinin-piperaquine, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine phosphate and artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of multi-drug resistant falciparum malaria in Cambodia-Thailand border area.

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BACKGROUND Drug resistance of falciparum malaria is a global problem. Sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine-resistant and mefloquine-resistant strains of falciparum malaria have spread in Southeast Asia at lightning speed in 1980s-1990s, and the Cambodia-Thailand border is one of the malaria epidemic areas

The antimalaria agent artemisinin exerts antiangiogenic effects in mouse embryonic stem cell-derived embryoid bodies.

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Artemisinin is widely used as an agent to treat malaria; the possible antiangiogenic effects of this compound are unknown. In the present study, the antiangiogenic effects of artemisinin were investigated in mouse embryonic stem cell-derived embryoid bodies, which are a model system for early

Efficacy and Safety of Artemisinin-Piperaquine for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Malaria: A Systematic Review

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Objective: The World Health Organization recommends artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria to improve the therapeutic efficacy and limit the choice of drug-resistant parasites. This

Dihydroartemisinin exerts cytotoxic effects and inhibits hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha activation in C6 glioma cells.

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Artemisinin and its analogue dihydroartemisinin exert cytotoxic effects in some kinds of cancer cell lines. Here we determined whether dihydroartemisinin inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis of rat C6 glioma cells. We found dihydroartemisinin (5-25 microM) inhibited the growth and induced

Antitumor and anti-angiogenic effects of artemisinin on breast tumor xenografts in nude mice.

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Breast cancer is a high incidence disease in humans. Artemisinin is an important extract that is widely used as an antimalarial drug which also serve as effective treatments for cancer. 32 nude mice were injected with 0.2 ml of MDA-MB-231 cell suspension of 2 × 10⁷ cells/ml respectively.

Hypoxia modulates the effect of dihydroartemisinin on endothelial cells.

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Artemisinin derivatives, the current cornerstone of malaria treatment, possess also anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activity. Hypoxia plays a crucial role both in severe malaria (as a consequence of the cytoadherence of infected erythrocytes to the microvasculature) and in cancer (due to the

The anti-malaria agent artesunate inhibits expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocyte.

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Increasing evidence indicates that the anti-malarial agent artemisinin and its derivatives may exert anti-angiogenic effect. In the present study, we explored the effect of artesunate, a artemisinin derivative, on TNFα- and hypoxia-induced expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and

Artemisinin induces doxorubicin resistance in human colon cancer cells via calcium-dependent activation of HIF-1alpha and P-glycoprotein overexpression.

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OBJECTIVE Artemisinin is an antimalarial drug exerting pleiotropic effects, such as the inhibition of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B and of the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(++)-ATPase (SERCA) of P. falciparum. As the sesquiterpene lactone thapsigargin, a known inhibitor of

Anticancer Effect of AntiMalarial Artemisinin Compounds.

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The anti-malarial drug artemisinin has shown anticancer activity in vitro and animal experiments, but experience in human cancer is scarce. However, the ability of artemisinins to kill cancer cells through a variety of molecular mechanisms has been explored. A PubMed search of about 127 papers on

Haemolytic anaemia in an HIV-infected patient with severe falciparum malaria after treatment with oral artemether-lumefantrine.

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Intravenous (i.v.) artesunate is now the recommended first-line treatment of severe falciparum malaria in adults and children by WHO guidelines. Nevertheless, several cases of haemolytic anaemia due to i.v. artesunate treatment have been reported. This paper describes the case of an HIV-infected

Thrombin Cleavage of Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 Inhibits Cytoadherence.

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Plasmodium falciparum malaria remains one of the most deadly infections worldwide. The pathogenesis of the infection results from the sequestration of infected erythrocytes (IRBC) in vital organs, including the brain, with resulting impairment of blood flow, hypoxia, and lactic acidosis.

[Pregnancy and traveling].

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The second trimester is the safest time for travelling, because the pregnant woman feels generally most at ease and the risk of spontaneous abortion and pre-term labour is very low. Possible risks must be discussed with the obstetrician before travelling. If the pregnancy is uncomplicated most

Turning an 'Achilles' Heel' into an asset--activation of HIF-1alpha during angiostatic therapy will increase tumor sensitivity to iron-catalyzed oxidative damage.

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During angiostatic therapy, tumor hypoxia will activate the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha), and will select for mutations which up-regulate the activity of this factor. This adaptation will increase tumor angiogenic capacity, while aiding the survival of poorly

Artesunate-induced depletion of embryonic erythroblasts precedes embryolethality and teratogenicity in vivo.

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BACKGROUND Artesunate (ART), an artemisinin antimalarial, is embryolethal and teratogenic in rats, with the most sensitive days being 10 and 11 postcoitum (pc), respectively (Clark et al.: Birth Defects Res B 71:380-394, 2004; White et al.: Birth Defects Res A 70:265, 2004). METHODS In this study,

Mechanisms of the pH- and Oxygen-Dependent Oxidation Activities of Artesunate.

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Artemisinin was discovered in 1971 as a constituent of the wormwood genus plant (Artemisia annua). This plant has been used as an herbal medicine to treat malaria since ancient times. The compound artemisinin has a sesquiterpene lactone bearing a peroxide group that offers its biological activity.

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