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Optimization of benzoxazole-based inhibitors of Cryptosporidium parvum inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase.

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Cryptosporidium parvum is an enteric protozoan parasite that has emerged as a major cause of diarrhea, malnutrition, and gastroenteritis and poses a potential bioterrorism threat. C. parvum synthesizes guanine nucleotides from host adenosine in a streamlined pathway that relies on inosine

Phthalazinone inhibitors of inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase from Cryptosporidium parvum.

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Cryptosporidium parvum (Cp) is a potential biowarfare agent and major cause of diarrhea and malnutrition. This protozoan parasite relies on inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) for the production of guanine nucleotides. A CpIMPDH-selective

Inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 1 haplotypes and association with mycophenolate mofetil gastrointestinal intolerance in pediatric heart transplant patients.

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MMF, the most commonly used adjuvant immunosuppressant in pediatric heart transplantation, has frequent GI adverse events. SNPs in inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase I (IMPDH1) may contribute to MMF GI intolerance. Phased haplotypes may have more utility than individual SNPs in candidate gene

Physical interaction between bovine viral diarrhea virus nonstructural protein 4A and adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR).

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Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a positive-sense RNA virus known to produce double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) during its replication in the cytoplasm. Extended dsRNA duplexes can be hyperedited by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR), which catalyzes adenosine (A)-to-inosine (I) editing. A-to-I

Use of nucleotides in weanling rats with diarrhea induced by a lactose overload: effect on the evolution of diarrhea and weight and on the histopathology of intestine, liver and spleen.

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Until recently, dietary sources of nucleotides were thought not to be essential for good nutrition. Certain states with higher metabolic demands may require larger amounts that cannot be provided by endogenous production. The objective of the present study was to determine the action of nucleotides

Synthesis of benzodithiol-2-yl-substituted nucleoside derivatives as lead compounds having anti-bovine viral diarrhea virus activity.

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Nucleoside derivatives having a benzodithiol-2-yl (BDT) group were synthesized and examined for their anti-bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) activities. Other substituents structurally similar to the BDT group such as 1,3-benzodioxol-2-yl, benzimidazol-2-yl and 1-oxo-benzodithiol-2-yl groups were

Selective and potent urea inhibitors of cryptosporidium parvum inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase.

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Cryptosporidium parvum and related species are zoonotic intracellular parasites of the intestine. Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of diarrhea in small children around the world. Infection can cause severe pathology in children and immunocompromised patients. This waterborne parasite is resistant

Supplemental nucleotides high in inosine 5'-monophosphate to improve the growth and health of nursery pigs.

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This study was conducted to determine the ability of a supplemental nucleotide mixture high in inosine 5'-monophosphate (5'IMP) to enhance pig growth and health after weaning. Pigs (n = 120 and 7.3 ± 0.1 kg) were allotted at weaning to phase 1 diets (3.3 Mcal ME/kg, 22.4% CP, and 1.34% standardize

The structural basis of Cryptosporidium -specific IMP dehydrogenase inhibitor selectivity.

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Cryptosporidium parvum is a potential biowarfare agent, an important AIDS pathogen, and a major cause of diarrhea and malnutrition. No vaccines or effective drug treatment exist to combat Cryptosporidium infection. This parasite relies on inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) to obtain

Characterization of nucleobases and nucleosides in the fruit of Alpinia oxyphylla collected from different cultivation regions.

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The fruit of Alpinia oxyphylla, known as Yizhi, Yakuchi and Ikji in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean, respectively, has been utilized as an important drug for the treatment of diarrhea, dyspepsia, spermatorrhea, kidney asthenia and abdominal pain in East Asian traditional medicine for thousands of

Mycophenolate induced diarrhoea.

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Mycophenolate (MMF) has arisen as an important addition in the immunosuppression armamentarium. GI disturbances (diarrhea) and bone marrow suppression are its main side effects requiring dose reduction or even withdrawal. The mechanism of diarrhoea is unknown, although some theories have been

Enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium reduces gastrointestinal symptoms in renal transplant patients.

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A main cause for gastrointestinal (GI) complications in graft recipients is the routinely administered inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor mycophenolic acid (MPA). MPA is available in two formulations, the prodrug mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and the enteric-coated sodium salt (EC-MPS).

Lactobacillus frumenti mediates energy production via fatty acid β-oxidation in the liver of early-weaned piglets.

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iv>Backgroundiv>Early-weaning of piglets is often accompanied by severe disorders, especially diarrhea. The gut microbiota and its metabolites play a critical role in the maintenance of the physiologic and metabolic homeostasis of the host. Our previous studies have demonstrated that

Mycophenolate mofetil in multiple sclerosis.

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OBJECTIVE To describe experience with the use of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). BACKGROUND MMF is a potent immunosuppressant that is a selective inhibitor of inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase type II, the enzyme responsible for the de novo synthesis of

Association between pharmacodynamic biomarkers and clinical events in the early phase after kidney transplantation: a single-center pilot study.

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BACKGROUND Strategies based on monitoring pharmacodynamic effects are increasingly evaluated to individualize immunosuppressive therapy. In the present investigation, both drug-specific and general pharmacodynamic biomarkers were assessed and their association with clinical events early after kidney

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Herbal & Natural Medicine

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