mannitol/seizures

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Heroin profiling: mannitol hexaacetate as an unusual ingredient of some illicit drug seizures.

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Mannitol hexaacetate (MHA) has been detected by GC-MS in some brown illicit drug seizures in which diacetylmorphine (DAM) was completely lacking. The presence of MHA as a genuine ingredient of the drug seizures rather than a storage- or an analytical artifact, formed by transacetylation of mannitol

Acute kidney injury, seizures, and hypertonic hyponatremia secondary to mannitol intoxication in a dog.

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To describe a case of mannitol overdose associated with acute kidney injury (AKI), hypertonic hyponatremia, and neurologic abnormalities in a dog.A 10-year-old intact male Shiba Inu dog was referred to the emergency service of a veterinary teaching hospital

Enhancement of picrotoxin convulsions in chicks and mice by the prior intraperitoneal injection of hypertonic GABA or mannitol.

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Effects of i.p. injection of hypertonic solutions of GABA and mannitol on convulsant activity and latency to reduced or enhanced depending on whether picrotoxin was given i.p. or given i.v. or s.c. The principal cause of these changes appeared to be altered rates of absorption of picrotoxin. There

Substantia nigra damage after fluorothyl-induced seizures in rats worsens after post-seizure recovery: no exacerbation with hyperglycaemia.

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The substantia nigra pars reticularis (SNPR) of rats is highly susceptible to both seizure- and ischaemia-mediated damage. Hyperglycaemic exacerbation of brain damage similar to that observed after global brain ischaemia may also occur in rats with status epilepticus. We tested the hypotheses that

The use of mannitol in HIV-infected patients with symptomatic cryptococcal meningitis.

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Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a common opportunistic infection with a high mortality rate in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. It is unclear whether mannitol could be used to manage neurological symptoms in HIV-associated CM. Here, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data

Hypertonic mannitol in mice poisoned by a convulsive dose of soman: antilethal activity without neuroprotection.

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A convulsive dose of soman induces seizure-related brain damage (SRBD), including cerebral edema (CE) and cell death. In 1993, an American study demonstrated that hypertonic mannitol (Mann) intravenously (i.v.) administered 1 min and 5h post-soman was an effective neuroprotectant in intoxicated

Pronounced increases in brain levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide after kainic acid induced seizures.

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Changes in immunoreactivity of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were investigated in the brains of rats subsequently to seizures induced by intraperitoneal injection of kainic acid (10 mg/kg, i.p.). Increased levels of the neuropeptide were observed in the frontal cortex (increase of 1300% of

Effect of seizures and diuretics on the osmolality of the cerebrospinal fluid.

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There was a significant increase in the osmolality of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the anesthetized rats after treatment with 80 mg/kg (but not 39 mg/kg) furosemide and 1 g/kg of mannitol, but not during seizures induced by kainic acid. Furosemide (10 mg/kg) blocked seizure activity by kainic

Role of early edema in the development of regional seizure-related brain damage.

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Kainic acid-induced seizures produced early (2 hr) generalized edema and later (24 and 48 hr) necrotic edema in temporal cortex and hippocampus as measured by specific gravity changes. Mannitol given during the seizure partially protected against the early edema and prevented the necrotic edema

[Acute renal failure following convulsion-induced myoglobinuria].

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A 75-year-old female with history of putamenal hemorrhage 8 years earlier was admitted to our hospital with generalized convulsion lasting 40 minutes. Convulsion responded quickly to intravenous administration of diazepam, but deep coma persisted thereafter. Although renal function had normalized

Evidence for increased cellular uptake of glutamate and aspartate in the rat hippocampus during kainic acid seizures. A microdialysis study using the "indicator diffusion' method.

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Using a newly developed technique, based on microdialysis, which allows cellular uptake of glutamate and aspartate to be studied in awake animals, we investigated uptake of glutamate and aspartate in the hippocampal formation of rats during limbic seizures induced by systemical administration of

Prolonged pentobarbital-induced coma for the treatment of severe seizures related to posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.

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In this report, we describe a case of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a female patient after deceased donor liver transplantation. She developed posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome on postoperative day 3 and did not improve despite adjustments in immunosuppressive therapy.

Catalpol and Mannitol, Two Components of Rehmannia glutinosa, Exhibit Anticonvulsant Effects Probably via GABAA Receptor Regulation.

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Epilepsy is a brain disorder that affects millions of people worldwide and is usually managed using currently available antiepileptic drugs, which result in adverse effects and are ineffective in approximately 20-25% of patients. Thus, there is growing interest in the development of new

Differential effects of low glucose concentrations on seizures and epileptiform activity in vivo and in vitro.

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In vivo, severe hypoglycemia is frequently associated with seizures. The hippocampus is a structure prone to develop seizures and seizure-induced damage. Patients with repeated hypoglycemic episodes have frequent memory problems, suggesting impaired hippocampal function. Here we studied the effects

Comparison of magnesium sulfate and mannitol in treatment of eclamptic women with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of magnesium sulfate (MgSO(4)) and mannitol in the treatment of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in eclamptic women. METHODS This retrospective analysis includes 62 eclamptic women between 22 and 40 weeks of gestation who were

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