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[Effect of several neuroleptic, adreno-, sympatho- and cholinolytic substances on the development of experimental cerebral edema induced by nicotine].

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The influence of some neuroleptic, adreno, sympatho- and cholinolytic substances on the development of experimental brain edema induced with nicotine was studied in tests conducted on rats. It was ascertained that marked antiedemic properties display drugs blocking the alpha-adrenoreceptors

Nicotine exacerbates brain edema during in vitro and in vivo focal ischemic conditions.

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We have previously shown that nicotine, the addictive component of tobacco products, alters the blood-brain barrier (BBB) Na(+),K(+),2Cl(-) cotransporter (NKCC) during in vitro hypoxia-aglycemia exposure. Attenuation of abluminal NKCC suggests that accumulation of ions in the brain extracellular

Nicotine promotes blood retinal barrier damage in a model of human diabetic macular edema.

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More than 1 billion world's population actively smokes tobacco containing the bioactive component nicotine (NT). The biological role of this molecule is mediated through the activation of nicotinic cholinergic receptors, widely distributed in various human tissues including retinal pigmented

Microcystic macular edema in a case of tobacco-alcohol optic neuropathy.

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Studies on cigarette smoke irritation; determination of edema-producing properties of certain types of cigarette tobaccos.

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Benzo(a)pyrene-induced pulmonary inflammation, edema, surfactant dysfunction, and injuries in rats: alleviation by farnesol.

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Benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) is a well-known environmental contaminant and carcinogen. Its sources include tobacco smoke, automobile exhaust, forest fire, and other combustion processes. Farnesol, an active principle of Vachellia farnesiana and other aromatic plants, possesses preventive properties

Tobacco-induced neuronal degeneration via cotinine in rats subjected to experimental spinal cord injury.

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OBJECTIVE Cigarette smoke contains over 4000 chemicals including well-characterized toxicants and carcinogens, among which is cotinine. Cotinine is the principal metabolite of nicotine that has adverse affects on the microcirculation via vasoconstriction, hypoxia and the wound-healing cascade. Its

Varying nicotine patch dose and type of smoking cessation counseling.

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OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of 22-mg and 44-mg doses of transdermal nicotine therapy when it is paired with minimal, individual, or group counseling to improve smoking cessation rates. METHODS An 8-week clinical trial (4 weeks double-blind followed by 4 weeks open label) using

Photobiomodulation Decreases Hyperalgesia in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: An Experimental Mouse Model Subjected to Nicotine.

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Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is defined as an extreme and chronic pain condition, and photobiomodulation has relevance as a complementary treatment for CRPS. The objective of this study was to verify the effects of photobiomodulation (PBMT) therapy protocols at two wavelengths

Alterations of brain tissue in fetal rats exposed to nicotine in utero: possible involvement of nitric oxide and catecholamines.

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Histopathological changes in the brains of embryos from female rats treated with nicotine during pregnancy and possible involvement of nitric oxide (NO) and catecholamines in the nicotine-induced abnormalities of developing brain were investigated. Sexually mature female Wistar rats were given 1, 2,

Chronic nicotine pretreatment protects the blood-brain barrier against nicotine-induced seizures in the rat.

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This study was designed to investigate the possible protective actions of nicotine on cerebrovascular permeability in convulsions during nicotine-induced seizures. We have measured the permeability changes in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) macroscopically and spectrophotometrically by using Evans

Tobacco carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone initiates and enhances pancreatitis responses.

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Clinical studies indicate that cigarette smoking increases the risk for developing acute pancreatitis. The nicotine metabolite 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is a major cigarette smoke toxin. We hypothesized that NNK could sensitize to pancreatitis and examined its effects in

Effects of environmental tobacco smoke on objective measures of voice production.

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OBJECTIVE The effects of passive smoking on the voice and laryngeal structures of 20 female passive smokers and 20 age-matched nonsmokers were examined. METHODS The voice evaluation consisted of acoustic, aerodynamic, and videostroboscopic analyses. RESULTS Three passive smokers displayed mild edema

Nicotine exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in a murine model of acute lung injury.

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Activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway through direct activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on immune cells can inhibit pro-inflammatory chemokine and cytokine release and thereby protect in a variety of inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate

Brain death following ingestion of E-cigarette liquid nicotine refill solution

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Background: The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) is very common worldwide. To date, an increase of nicotine intoxication following an accidental or intentional ingestion/injection of refill solution (e-liquid) has been

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