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Dietary saturated fatty acids down-regulate cyclooxygenase-2 and tumor necrosis factor alfa and reverse fibrosis in alcohol-induced liver disease in the rat.

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We investigated the potential of dietary saturated fatty acids to decrease endotoxemia and suppress expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox-2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in established alcohol-induced liver injury. Six groups (five rats/group) of male Wistar rats were studied. Rats in

Saturated fatty acids enhance TLR4 immune pathways in human trophoblasts.

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OBJECTIVE What are the effects of fatty acids on placental inflammatory cytokine with respect to toll-like receptor-4/nuclear factor-kappa B (TLR4/NF-kB)? CONCLUSIONS Exogenous fatty acids induce a pro-inflammatory cytokine response in human placental cells in vitro via activation of TLR4 signaling

Neutrophil oxygen radical generation. Synergistic responses to tumor necrosis factor and mono/polyunsaturated fatty acids.

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In inflammatory reactions there are complex interactions of protein mediators (cytokines) and mediators derived from lipids. An important event in inflammation is superoxide production, in relation to microbicidal activity as well as tissue damage. We have studied interactions of lipid mediators

Preparation and characterization of liposomal-lipophilic tumor necrosis factor.

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The liposomal delivery of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rHuTNF) has been shown to be effective in reducing its toxic effects and in its targeting of organs rich in cells of the reticuloendothelial system. However, native recombinant human TNF shows only poor affinity for liposomes,

Dietary saturated fatty acids reduce hepatic lipid accumulation but induce fibrotic change in alcohol-fed rats.

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BACKGROUND In this study, we evaluated the influence of an ethanol-containing diet with high saturated fatty acids (SFAs) on alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats weighing about 160 g were divided into four groups: an ethanol (E) group fed an ethanol-containing liquid diet

Saturated fatty acid induces insulin resistance partially through nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 signaling pathway in adipocytes.

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OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential role of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1), a component of the innate immune system, in mediating lipid-induced insulin resistance in adipocytes. METHODS Adipocytes from Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency mice were used for stimulation experiments.

Subcutaneous fat necrosis in newborns.

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Subcutaneous fat necrosis of newborns is a transient, benign process in full- term or postmature neonates. It is associated with perinatal distress. Newborn stress inhibits immature enzyme system, which already has relative inability to desaturate saturated fatty acids. It leads to fat

17β-Estradiol attenuates saturated fatty acid diet-induced liver injury in ovariectomized mice by up-regulating hepatic senescence marker protein-30.

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Senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) plays an important role in intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of estrogens on liver apoptotic damage and changes in SMP30 expression induced by a high saturated fatty acid diet (HSFD). Ovariectomized mice

Dietary saturated fatty acids: a novel treatment for alcoholic liver disease.

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OBJECTIVE Lipid peroxidation may be important in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver injury. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a saturated fatty acid-based therapy (palm oil) could decrease lipid peroxidation and alcoholic liver injury during ethanol withdrawal. METHODS Three groups

Effects of isoprothiolane and phytosterol on lipogenesis and lipolysis in adipocytes from rats of dietary fat necrosis.

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To study effects of isoprothiolane and phytosterol on dietary fat necrosis, 3 groups of rats were fed hardened-tallow (HT) diet. Two groups of rats received either isoprothiolane (50 mg/kg) or phytosterol (20 mg/kg) orally once a day consecutively for 10 weeks. One group of rats received standard

Effect of free fatty acids on the cytolytic activity of tumour necrosis factor/monocyte-derived cytotoxic factor.

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The effect of different fatty acids on tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-induced cytolysis of TNF-sensitive WEHI 164 murine fibrosarcoma cells has been determined. The saturated fatty acids palmitic (16:0) and stearic (18:0) acid strongly potentiated the cytolytic activity of TNF. They also had a slight

Arachidonic acid mediates interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced activation of the c-jun amino-terminal kinases in stromal cells.

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We have previously shown that arachidonic acid mediates interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced transcription of c-jun. The signaling pathway of arachidonic acid-induced c-jun transcription was independent of protein kinase C activation and involved a tyrosine

Protective effect of myristic acid on renal necrosis occurring in rats fed a methyl-deficient diet.

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Weanling rats fed a methyl-deficient diet develop acute renal failure, the morphological features of which vary from focal tubular necrosis to widespread cortical necrosis. We and others have shown that coconut oil, rich in saturated fatty acids, has a renal protective effect in this experimental

Dietary saturated fatty acids reverse inflammatory and fibrotic changes in rat liver despite continued ethanol administration.

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We investigated the potential of dietary saturated fatty acids to reverse alcoholic liver injury despite continued administration of alcohol. Five groups (six rats/group) of male Wistar rats were studied. Rats in groups 1 and 2 were fed a fish oil-ethanol diet for 8 and 6 weeks, respectively. Rats

Reduction of myocardial necrosis in male albino rats by manipulation of dietary fatty acid levels.

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A comprehensive statistical analysis had shown a significant correlation between the incidence of myocardial lesions in male albino rats and the concentration of certain dietary fatty acids. To test this result under controlled conditions, male rats were fed for 16 weeks diets containing 20% by

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