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Regulation of aggression by obesity-linked genes TfAP-2 and Twz through octopamine signaling in Drosophila.

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In Drosophila, the monoamine octopamine, through mechanisms that are not completely understood, regulates both aggression and mating behavior. Interestingly, our study demonstrates that the Drosophila obesity-linked homologs Transcription factor AP-2 (TfAP-2; TFAP2B in humans) and Tiwaz (Twz; KCTD15

On the characteristics of mitochondrial monoamine oxidase in pancreas and adipose tissues from genetically obese mice.

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The substrate specificity of mitochondrial monoamine oxidase (MAO) in pancreatic and adipose tissues of obese mice and their lean counterparts was determined. The pancreatic MAO of obese mice had a greater specific activity than that of the lean mice. The white adipose tissue MAO was found to be

Alteration of amine oxidase activity in the adipose tissue of obese subjects.

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OBJECTIVE To explore the activity of monoamine oxidases (MAOs) and semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidases (SSAOs) in adipose tissue and blood of lean and moderately obese subjects and to study whether there is a link between these hydrogen peroxide-generating enzymes and blood markers of oxidative

Moderate weight-lowering effect of octopamine treatment in obese Zucker rats.

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Octopamine is proposed as a substitution product of synephrine by diverse drug industries that advertise new weight-lowering products or medicinal plants enriched in this biogenic amine. We have already reported that octopamine is able to activate in vitro lipolysis in rat adipocytes via

Influence of high-fat diet on amine oxidase activity in white adipose tissue of mice prone or resistant to diet-induced obesity.

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Decreased monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity has been observed in adipose tissue of obese patients. Since substrates of MAO and semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) can modify adipocyte metabolism, this work investigates whether changes in amine oxidase activity may occur during white adipose

Liver monoamine oxidase in the obese-hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mouse.

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1. The specific activity of monoamine oxidase was found to be greater in liver mitochondria from ob/ob mice than from lean mice. The activities of marker enzymes were similar in both tissues. 2. Experiments with various substrates (5-hydroxytryptamine, benzylamine and tyramine) and inhibitors

Reduction of fat deposition by combined inhibition of monoamine oxidases and semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidases in obese Zucker rats.

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Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) and monoamine oxidases (MAO) are highly expressed in adipocytes and generate hydrogen peroxide when activated. Consequently, high concentrations of MAO- or SSAO-substrates acutely stimulate glucose transport and inhibit lipolysis in isolated adipocytes in

Alpha- and beta-cell function in obese Zucker (fa/fa) rats: a study with the isolated perfused pancreas.

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1. The effects of various stimuli, including changes in glucose concentration, arginine, tyramine and noradrenaline, on insulin and glucagon secretion were investigated using isolated perfused pancreata of obese and lean male Zucker rats at 12 months of age. 2. In Zucker fatty rats, the insulin

Ultrasensitive Profiling of Metabolites Using Tyramine-Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots.

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Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are emerging fluorescence reporters attractive for optical sensing, owing to their high photostability, highly tunable photoluminescence, molecular size, atomically thin structure, biocompatibility, and ease of functionalization. Herein, we present a fluorometric sensing

Hypoglycemic and hypotensive activity of a root extract of Smilax aristolochiifolia, standardized on N-trans-feruloyl-tyramine.

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The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a condition consisting of various metabolic abnormalities that are risk factors for developing kidney failure, cardiovascular, vascular and cerebrovascular diseases, among others. The prevalence of this syndrome shows a marked increase. The aim of this study was to

Chromatographic and electrophoretic methods for the analysis of phenethylamine [corrected] alkaloids in Citrus aurantium.

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Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) is a plant belonging to the family Rutaceae, whose fruit extracts have been used recently for the treatment of obesity. The most important biologically active constituents of the C. aurantium fruits are phenethylamine alkaloids (i.e. octopamine, synephrine, tyramine,

Glitazones inhibit human monoamine oxidase but their anti-inflammatory actions are not mediated by VAP-1/semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase inhibition.

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Glitazones are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists widely used as antidiabetic drugs also known as thiazolidinediones. Most of them exert other effects such as anti-inflammatory actions via mechanisms supposed to be independent from PPARγ activation (e.g., decreased

The regulation of feeding and metabolism in response to food deprivation in Caenorhabditis elegans.

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This review considers the factors involved in the regulation of feeding and metabolism in response to food deprivation using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism. Some of the sensory neurons and interneurons involved in food intake are described, together with an overview of pharyngeal

Isopropylnorsynephrine is a stronger lipolytic agent in human adipocytes than synephrine and other amines present in Citrus aurantium.

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The weight loss observed in consumers of extracts of Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) has been tentatively attributed to the lipolytic and thermogenic effects of the alkaloids abundant in the unripe fruit. Synephrine, octopamine, tyramine, and other alkaloids have been repeatedly identified and

PCR amplification and cloning of tyrosine decarboxylase involved in synephrine biosynthesis in Citrus.

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BACKGROUND The phenolic amine synephrine is a vascoconstrictor and bronchiectatic agent and holds promise as an aid to weight management and obesity reduction. Synephrine is structurally similar to the active ingredients of several commercial cold remedies. Some Citrus contain high concentrations of

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